摘要
利用常规气象观测资料、NCEP 1°×1°逐6h的再分析资料、GPS可降雨资料和地闪定位资料,对2013年7月4—5日山东中南部出现的暴雨到大暴雨天气过程的不同阶段特征和成因进行了分析,结果表明:本次暴雨过程是冷暖切变线所引发,暴雨的水汽源于南海;低空急流的强弱和水汽通量的大小呈正相关;暖切变线暴雨的雨强、影响范围和持续时间明显大于冷切变线暴雨;冷、暖切变线GPS可降雨量表现不同,前者短时间内增幅大,地面强降雨在峰值出现1h后发生,对地面降雨变化反映较敏感,后者强降雨出现前8h可降雨量快速上升,可降雨量峰值对应地面降雨大值,对地面降雨变化反映不敏感;冷切变线对流性更强,地闪频次为暖切变线降雨的2倍,正地闪频次为暖切变线降雨的1/2,负地闪频次为暖切变线降雨的2倍;降雨云团正、负地闪活跃程度呈反相位关系,正、负地闪的变化能很好地反映强降雨的变化;冷、暖切变线动力结构不同,前者物理量场从低层到高层向北倾斜,后者则为垂直分布;冷切变线上升运动区较暖切变线深厚。
By using the data of conventional meteorological observation,GPS precipitable water,lightning location,and NCEP 1°×1°reanalysis grid point data on 4and 5July 2013,a heavy rain event occurred in the central and southern Shandong is analyzed from the characteristics of different stages and formation mechanisms.The results show that the vapor sources of the torrential rain came from the South China Sea;the strength of the low-level jet was positively related with that of the water vapor flux;the rainfall intensity,influence scope,and duration of warm shear line storms are bigger than these of cold shear line storms;the GPS precipitable water of cold and warm shear line storms is different.The positive and negative ground lightning activities of precipitation clouds show the antiphase relationship,and the change of the positive and negative ground lightning can well reflect the change of the heavy rain.The dynamical structures of cold and warm shear line storms are different：the physical quantity field of the former tilted to the north from low to high levels,and that of the latter distributed vertically.The upward movement area of cold shear line storm was deeper than that of warmer type shear line storms.
出处
《气象科技》
北大核心
2016年第4期659-668,共10页
Meteorological Science and Technology
基金
山东省气象局预报员专项项目(SDYBY2014-05)
山东省气象局科研专项(2013sdqx06)
山东省气象局科研专项(2015sdqxm20)资助
关键词
冷暖切变线
高低空急流
GPS可降雨量
地闪
heating/cold shear line
high/low level jet
GPS precipitable water
ground lightning
作者简介
朱义青，男，1985年生，学士，工程师，主要从事短期天气预报及相关研究，Email：lyzhuyiqing@163．com
