摘要
Underground storage systems are currently being used worldwide for the geological storage of natural gas （CH4）, the geological disposal of CO2, in geothermal energy, or radioactive waste disposal. We introduce a complex approach to the risks posed by induced bedrock instabilities in deep geological underground storage sites. Bedrock instability owing to underground openings has been studied and discussed for many years. The Bohemian Massif in the Czech Republic （Central Europe） is geologically and tectonically complex. However, this setting is ideal for leaming about the instability state of rock masses. Longterm geological and mining studies, natural and induced seismicity, radon emanations, and granite properties as potential storage sites for disposal of radioactive waste in the Czech Republic have provided useful information. In addition, the Czech Republic, with an average concentration radon of 140 Bq m-3, has the highest average radon concentrations in the world. Bedrock instabilities might emerge from microscale features, such as grain size and mineral orientation, and microfracturing. Any underground storage facility construction has to consider the stored substance and the geological settings. In the Czech Republic, granites and granitoids are the best underground storage sites. Microcrack networks and migration properties are rock specific and vary considerably. Moreover, the matrix porosity also affects the mechanical properties of the rocks. Any underground storage site has to be selected carefully. The authors suggest to study the complex set of parameters from micro to macroscale for a particular place and type of rock to ensure that the storage remains safe and stable during construction, operation, and after closure.
地下储存系统在全球范围内在地热能、或放射性废物处置方面正用于天然气(CH_4)地质储存、CO_2地质处置。我们引入一个复杂的方法检测在深地质地下储存库基岩不稳定性所带来的风险。有关地下空洞引起的基岩不稳定性的研究和讨论了许多年。在捷克的波希米亚地块(中欧)在地质和构造上均很复杂。长期的地质和采矿研究,自然和诱发地震、氡的放射,和花岗岩的性质为在捷克放射性废物处置的潜在存储地提供了有用的信息。另外,捷克,140 Bq m^(-3)平均浓度氡是世界上平均氡浓度最高的。基岩不稳定性可能从微观特征的出现,如粒度、矿物的取向,和微裂缝。任何地下储存设施的建设必须考虑储存的物质和地质背景。在捷克,花岗岩和花岗岩是最好的地下储存地。微裂缝网络与及其迁移是岩石特殊情况,其变化甚大。此外,基质的孔隙度也影响岩石的机理。任何地下存储网络位置的选择必须十分仔细。作者认为,一个特定地点研究一组复杂的参数要从微观到宏观,岩石类型以确保在施工、操作过程中以及封闭后存储仍然是安全的,稳定的。
基金
supported by the long-term conceptual development research organization RVO grant 67985891
the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Czech Republic (FR-TI1/367)
作者简介
Corresponding author： Lucie Novakova （Email： lucie.novakova@irsm.cas.cz）
