摘要
目的了解女大学生月经状况,为女大学生在月经期如何开展体育运动提供可靠的依据。方法采用调查问卷的形式对河南科技学院大一、大二890名女大学生进行调查,调查内容包括月经状况、月经期生理和心理反应状况、月经期体育活动对月经的影响及对月经期体育课的主观态度,并对调查结果进行分析。结果81.7%(727人)的女大学生月经周期正常,18.3%(163人)的女大学生月经周期不正常;24.0%(214人)的女大学生在月经期会出现痛经、全身乏力症状,57.2%(509人)的女大学生在月经期会出现轻度腰酸、下腹坠胀等症状,18.8%(167人)的女大学生在月经期无明显生理反应;74.7%(665人)的女大学生在月经期会出现睡眠质量差、情绪低落、精神紧张等症状。参加长跑、篮球、羽毛球运动后,女大学生月经血量出现异常的比例分别为52.5%,50.7%,40.3%,参加乒乓球和舞蹈运动后,女大学生月经血量异常的比例较低,分别为23.6%,21.2%;女大学生对于月经期体育课的主观态度中,26.4%(235人)的女大学生要求教师安排见习,73.6%(655人)的女大学生认为能够接受课堂教学,但在教学过程中,要尽量避免剧烈运动。结论女大学生在月经期可以参加体育活动,但需根据个人情况,进行合理的安排,循序渐进地增加运动强度,以促进身体的健康。
Objective To investigate female students′menstruation so as to provide a reliable basis for carrying out physical exercise in their menstrual period.Methods 890 female freshmen and sophomore from Henan Institute of Science and Technology were surveyed their menstrual status,their physical and psychological reactions during menstruation,the impact of physical exercise in menstrual period on menstruation and the attitude towards physical education in menstrual period and the results were analyzed.Results 81.7%（727）of the female students had regular menstrual cycle and 18.3%（163）had abnormal menstruation;in the menstrual period,24.0%（214）suffered dysmenorrhea and malaise symptoms,57.2%（509）had mild backache,abdominal bulge and other symptoms,18.8%（167）had no obvious physiological reactions and 74.7%（665）had sleeping problems,depression,mental stress and other symptoms.After long-distance running,playing basketball and badminton,the rates of abnormal menstrual blood of female students were respectively 52.5%,50.7% and 40.3%;after playing table tennis and dancing,the rates of abnormal menstrual blood were lower,respectively,23.6%and 21.2%;in terms of attitude towards physical education in menstrual periods,26.4%（235）of female college students wanted to observe in class,73.6%（655）thought they could participate in classroom teaching but they need avoid strenuous exercise.Conclusion Female students in the menstrual period can participate in sport activities,but they need to be reasonably arranged according their individual condition and gradually increase their exercise intensity in order to promote their health.
出处
《保健医学研究与实践》
2016年第2期35-37,共3页
Health Medicine Research and Practice
关键词
女大学生
月经状况
体育运动
Female college students
Menstrual status
Physical exercise
作者简介
李艳丽（1978-），女，本科，主治医师，E-mail：13598650756@163．com。
