摘要
以工矿区固体废弃物为基本原料,与化肥复混研制而成煤基复混肥,通过单施煤基复混肥及其与菌肥配施在复垦区进行了大田试验,旨在研究不同施肥处理对复垦土壤养分、玉米产量、水肥利用效率的影响。结果表明:不同施肥处理均可有效促进土壤养分含量;菌肥+煤基复混肥处理使土壤有效磷含量显著高于单施复混肥或基质+煤基复混肥处理。玉米产量随施肥量的增加而增大,且在N300施肥水平达到最高,表现为菌肥+煤基复混肥(N300,5 957.52kg/hm^2)>基质+煤基复混肥(N300,5 695.73kg/hm^2)>单施煤基复混肥(N300,5 391.15kg/hm^2)。过量施肥(N390)导致玉米产量不同程度降低。菌肥+煤基复混肥不同处理在N210、N300和N390施肥水平玉米产量显著高于单施复混肥(P<0.05)。煤基复混肥及其与菌肥配施在N300施肥水平水分利用效率最高,表现为菌肥+煤基复混肥[N300,18.32kg/(mm·hm^2)]>基质+煤基复混肥[N300,17.57kg/(mm·hm^2)]>单施煤基复混肥[N300,16.73kg/(mm·hm^2)]。随施肥量的增加,肥料利用率呈明显下降趋势,菌肥+煤基复混肥处理在N120、N210和N300各施肥水平的氮、磷、钾肥利用率均显著高于单施复混肥。综上所述,本研究对促进工矿区固体废弃物农业资源化利用有一定意义。
In this study,coal-derived compound fertilizer was developed through mixing industrial solid wastes and chemical fertilizer,and the filed experiments were carried out in reclaimed area.The objective of this study is to explore soil nutrient,corn yield,water and fertilizer use efficiency under the condition of the application of coal-derived compound fertilizer and its combined application with bacterial manure in reclaimed area.The results showed that soil nutrient was increased efficiently by different fertilizer treatments.Compared with the other 2treatments（single coal-derived compound fertilizer,matrix＋coal-derived compound fertilizer）,the content of available P in soil was significantly higher in the treatment of bacterial manure＋coal-derived compound fertilizer.The corn yield increased with the increase of fertilization amount under the condition of natural precipitation.The corn yield reached the top at the fertilization level of N300,and the corn yield listed in the order of coal-derived compound fertilizer＋bacterial manure（N300,5957.52kg/hm^2）〉matrix＋coal-derived compound fertilizer（N300,5695.73kg/hm^2）〉single coal-derived compound fertilizer（N300,5391.15kg/hm^2）.Excessive fertilization（N390）could reduce corn yield to different extent.The corn yield in treatment of bacterial manure＋coal-derived compound fertilizer was significantly higher than that in the treatment of single coal-derived compound fertilizer at the fertilization levels of N210,N300,and N390（P〈0.05）.The water use efficiency of corn reached the highest level at the fertilization level of N300,which listed in the order of bacterial manure＋coal-derived compound fertilizer（N300,18.32kg/（mm·hm^2））〉matrix＋coal-derived compound fertilizer（N300,17.57kg/（mm·hm^2））〉single coal-derived compound fertilizer（N300,16.73（kg/（mm·hm^2））.With the increase of fertilization amount,fertilizer use efficiency was obviously reduced.The utilization rates of N,P and K were all significantly higher in treatment of coal-derivedcompound fertilizer combined with bacterial manure than those in treatment of the single coal-derived compound fertilizer at the fertilization levels of N120,N210,and N300.In summary,it is of significance to promote agricultural resource utilization of industrial solid waste.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第2期213-218,共6页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
山西省重大科技攻关项目山西省重大专项(20121101009)
国家自然科学基金项目(31272257)
关键词
煤基复混肥
菌肥
土壤养分
复垦区
产量
水肥利用率
coal-derived compound fertilizer
bacterial manure
soil nutrient
reclaimed area
yield
water and fertilizer use efficiency
作者简介
郭汉清（1972-），男，博士，主要从事土壤退化与生态重建研究。E—mail：ghqbxm@126．com.
通信作者：谢英荷（1958-），女，博士，教授，主要从事土壤肥力与环境研究。E-mail：xieyinghe@163．com
