摘要
区别于历史建筑、馆藏文物等其他类型,考古遗址资源尤为珍稀与脆弱,世界各国大都将重要考古遗址作为公共资源由政府承担主要保护管理责任。在我国,遗址属于特殊国有资产,构成中华文明演进发展的历史空间主干。然而目前国有遗址产权管理维护体系尚未建立,与之相配套的资金保障机制不健全,过度依赖中央财政保护展示工程建设项目资金和地方政府土地财政,大遗址保护事权与支出责任存在严重结构性失衡。根据大遗址保护管理土地产权和资金投入等资源配置需求特点将大遗址保护划分保护区、开放参观区和混合居住区三大模式,在此基础上建立大遗址保护资金需求时间模型,说明大遗址保护财政制度需要具备跨区性、长效性和应急性超强配置能力。
Archaeological resources are precious and fragile. Differentiated from historic buildings and museum collections, most government in the world take on management and protection responsibilities towards archaeological resources as public goods. In China, archaeological sites are unique state-owned assets which frame the backbones of Chinese civilization evolution land space. Yet there is still vacuum either in the state-owned archaeological site prop- erty management, or in corresponding financial mechanism.Now it is heavily depended on presentation project funds from central government and land speculation activities by local government, a result from severe discrepancy be- tween responsibility division among different levels of governments. For theoretical analysis, DYZ management is cat- egorized into three modes： reserve, presentation ＆ utilization, and mixed with communities, based on resource alloca- tion features of land and money demand. It is shown that powerful capacity of resource allocation is needed for DYZ conservation and management to address cross -regions, long-term and emergency-responsiveness issues.
出处
《中国文物科学研究》
2016年第1期25-32,共8页
China Cultural Heritage Scientific Research
关键词
大遗址
财政体制
需求特征
问题
Large archaeological sites, financial system demand feature, problems
