摘要
"基督教的精神及其命运"是黑格尔早期思想发展中的一个关键性文本。通过对康德法哲学的批判,黑格尔在这部手稿中提出了同一哲学的最初构想,明确了自己后来哲学发展的根本原则。黑格尔指出,康德的法哲学跟他的道德哲学一样,不是自由的实现,而恰恰是以一种看似合理的方式导致了新的对立和人的自我分裂。受益于荷尔德林关于"判断与存在"的讨论,黑格尔提出了自己不同于康德的正义观和对法的理解。犯罪与惩罚的关系不应该像牛顿力学里的作用力与反作用力的关系,因为这样的法律和惩罚相对于犯法者将永远是一种异己的力量;相反,真正的正义体现为犯法者在命运中与异己力量的和解,这是对源初的统一性的恢复。因此,法律是客观理性的自我实现,而不是对非理性的压制,而这一包容差异和非同一的新的理性观也成为黑格尔成熟时期体系哲学的滥觞。
The Spirit of Christianity and its Fate is a crucial text in the development of Hegel's early years. He suggested a primary vision of Identity Philosophy in his criticizing of Kantian philosophy of law,and raised the fundamental principles of his later system philosophy. Kant's legal philosophy,as well as his moral theories,caused a new opposition and the abruption of rational man,rather than the realization of freedom.Profited from Holderlin's fragment on 'Judgment and Being',Hegel put forward his idea of justice and law.The relationship between crime and punishment should not be opposite like the acting force and counter force in Newtonian physics. This kind of punishment will persist as an alienated power to the criminal. On the contrary,the genuine justice is the reconciliation between the criminal and the alienated power in the destiny.It is the recovery of the original unity.
出处
《北京社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第4期105-114,共10页
Social Sciences of Beijing
基金
江西省社会科学研究"十二五"(2014年)规划项目(14ZX11)
关键词
黑格尔
命运
惩罚
生命
爱
康德批判
同一哲学
Hegel
Destiny
Punishment
Life
Love
Critique of Kant
Identity Philosophy
