摘要
大水矿山由于含水层通常难以疏干,矿山生产常采取边疏干含水层边开采的带压开采方式进行,此类矿山实际开采环境是由排水系统及地下水系统组成,即排水-地下水的开采环境(DrainingGroundwater Mining Environment,DGME)系统。为此,根据系统论的原理,构建了大水矿山排水-地下水开采环境系统动态随机模型,并以模型为基础分析了系统水位随机变化的影响因素。结果表明:1)DGME系统动态随机模型可反映出矿山地下水系统与排水系统之间的相互关系;2)矿山地下水位变化是Wiener过程,臼水位分布符合正态分布,其数字特征取决于系统输入输出流量差的均值及方差;3)系统当前风险状态受短期内系统水位变化影响,超出一定时域,系统风险状态不可预知。
The paper aims to pursue a dynamic stochastic model of DGME system in the groundwater abundant mines and mining-risk forecast.As is known,groundwater abundant mines may have quite thick aquifer and large water inflow,the water in the aquifers is usually difficult to drain thoroughly.At the same time,special mining method has to be utilized to obtain ore by excavating and draining water in the aquifers.Therefore,the actual mining environment of such mines has resulted in a drainage and groundwater system,which has jointly formulated in a so-called Draining-Groundwater Mining Environment system（DGME system）.According to system theory,we established the dynamic stochastic model of drainage-groundwater mining environment system in the mines with abundant aquifer.Based on this model,influencing factors of water level variation were analyzed.The model has been used to analyze the groundwater system levels in accordance with the stochastic distribution features,and make a forecast of the hazard-risk rate of the DGME system function failure in such mines.Research shows that the DGME system dynamic stochastic model is qualified enough to reflect the interaction relationship between the drainage system and the groundwater system.The greater the ratio of the drainage system displacement in the mines,the grander the ratio of groundwater discharge would be.Since the groundwater level variation in such systems obey to ＂a Wiener process＂,the distribution of the groundwater level should be in accord with the normal distribution.The mean distribution should be determined by the system＇s input-output of the flowing rate variance or difference.That is to say,if the difference is positive,its mean water level will increase.On the contrary,if the difference is negative,its mean water level tends to decrease.Thus,if the variance is determined by the discrete flowing rate difference of its input and output.The higher the discrete degree,the greater the variance will be.Hence,the hazard-risk rate of its function failure can be expressed as a function of time,with its risk rate being high as time goes on,which tends to make the system hazard unpredictable out of a certain time domain.Therefore,the DGME system model we have proposed could be able to provide a decision-making prop for prevention and control of the mining water hazard in the mines of such nature.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期10-14,共5页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2012BAK09B02-05)
国家自然科学基金项目(51274250)
中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2013ZZTS057)
关键词
安全工程
大水矿山
排水-地下水系统
动态随机模型
风险预测
水害防治
safety engineering
the groundwater abundant mines
drainage-groandwater system
dynamic stochastic model
risk prediction
water hazard prevention and control
作者简介
王益伟，讲师，从事矿山水害防治研究，followxin2004@163．com.
