摘要
中国南极新站选择在维多利亚地特拉诺瓦湾难言岛上进行建设,其气象环境状况是开展科学研究的基础工作,也是考察队员生命安全保障的基础资料。因此,通过2013年度难言岛气象站的观测资料,结合附近地区历史气象资料,对该区域气象要素特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1)由于地处罗斯海与东南极冰盖交界处,难言岛年均气压为987.8 h Pa,与中山站非常接近;(2)年均温为-16.1℃,最低气温为-39.3℃,且冬季气温波动较大,标准差可达±6.0℃;(3)年均相对湿度为42.1%,年均比湿为0.6 g·kg-1且冬季比湿极低,空气非常干燥,降水量非常低;(4)盛行风向为WNW,5—7级风出现频率超过50%,但夏季风速明显低于冬季风速,一般不超过8.0 m·s^(-1),有利于中国在夏季开展工程建设和补给;(5)难言岛年总辐射量为3 342.8 MJ·m^(-2),明显低于中山站,但两站反照率非常接近。
In the 2012/2013 austral summer, the 29th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition deployed an automatic weather station to collect information of meteorological characteristics of Inexpressible Island. This information was required to determine whether the location would be suitable for a new Antarctic station. Over the past year, parameters such as air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction, solar radiation have been recorded. Based on these data and historical data collected by the United States and Italy, climate conditions were evaluated to provide basic environmental information for future research, and to ensure the safety of future field expeditioners. The annual mean air pressure in Inexpressible Island is 987.8 hPa, similar to that at Zhongshan Station, and the annual mean air temperature is -16.1 ℃ with a minimum of -39.3 ℃. Annual mean relative humidity is 42.1% and specific humidity is only 0.6 g· kg^-1 , which implies low precipitation. The prevailing wind is west-northwest and the wind speed is greater than 8 m·s^-1 during most of the year. However, the wind speed tends to drop during summer,which is beneficial for resupply and icebreaker-based research. The global radiation at Inexpressible Island is 3342.8 MJ ·m^-2, which is less than that at Zhongshan Station, but the albedo is similar at the two locations.
出处
《极地研究》
CAS
CSCD
2015年第4期344-350,共7页
Chinese Journal of Polar Research
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2013CBA01804)
国家自然科学基金(41206179)
国家十二五极地考察专项(CHINARE2014-02-03-01)
冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLCS 2012-01)资助
关键词
南极
维多利亚地
气象要素
气象特征
Antarctica, Victoria Land, meteorological parameter, climate characteristics
作者简介
丁明虎，男，1983年生。博士，副研究员，主要从事极地气候学研究。E-mail：dingminghu@cams．cma．gov．cn
