摘要
为研究剑麻纤维增强的热塑性淀粉复合材料的制备工艺及热稳定性,以玉米淀粉为原料,先制得热塑性淀粉,再以剑麻纤维为骨架增强体制备剑麻纤维增强热塑性淀粉复合材料,通过正交试验优化制备工艺,DSC、TG/DTG、SEM分析其热稳定性及结构。正交试验表明,各因素对材料抗拉强度影响的主次顺序为纤维长度〉纤维用量〉模压成型温度〉填料用量；最佳工艺条件为纤维长度15 mm、纤维用量35 g、模压成型温度200℃、填料用量5 g,此时材料的抗拉强度可达到4.45 MPa。利用差示扫描量热分析和热重分析分别对热塑性淀粉及剑麻纤维复合材料的热稳定性进行了分析,结果表明,热塑处理提高了淀粉的熔融温度,有利于淀粉与纤维素羟基间的氢键结合,且热塑过程在一定程度上降低了淀粉的热稳定性；剑麻纤维复合材料的热降解过程主要发生在200~400℃温度区间。 SEM分析显示最佳工艺条件下得到的复合材料具有较好的泡孔结构。
In order to further research composition process and the thermal stability of thermoplastic starch composites reinforced with plant fiber, the composites were prepared by reinforcing the thermoplastic starch obtained from corn starch with sisal fiber as skeleton reinforcing agent. The orthogonal test was designed to optimize the preparation process. DSC, TG/DTG and SEM were used to analyze the thermal stability and the structure of the composites. The results showed that the order of the influences of various factors on the tensile strength of the material was fiber length〉fiber content〉molding temperature〉filler content. And the tensile strength of the material was 4. 45 MPa, when the fiber length was 15 mm, the fiber content was 35 g, the molding temperature was 200℃ and the filler content was 5 g. The thermal stabilities of thermoplastic starch and sisal fiber composite were analyzed. The results showed that the thermoplastic treatment could increase the melting temperature of starch, benefit for the hydrogen-bonding between starch and the hydroxy of cellulose, and decrease the thermal stability of starch. The thermal degradation process of sisal fiber composites mainly occured in the temperature range 200-400℃. SEM images showed that the composites possessed great foam structure under the optimistic process conditions.
出处
《生物质化学工程》
CAS
北大核心
2015年第6期1-5,共5页
Biomass Chemical Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51275278)
山东大学大学生科技创新基金(201510422042)
关键词
剑麻纤维
热塑性淀粉复合材料
热稳定性
微观形貌
sisal fiber
thermoplastic starch composites
thermal stability
micro-morphology
作者简介
张传伟（1990一），男，山东济宁人，硕士，主要从事生物质复合材料的研究工作
通讯作者：李方义，教授，博士生导师，主要从事生物质缓冲包装制品的研究；E-mail：lifangyi2006@qq．com。
