摘要
目的调查2010～2013年上海市嘉定区院外急救儿童的流行病学特点。方法从嘉定区医疗急救中心2010-2013年的院外急救数据库中筛选出0～12岁儿童患者的病情记录。按患儿年龄分为0～3岁组、3～6岁组、6-12岁组，对各项特征属性进行回顾性统计分析，计数资料使用百分比描述。结果①4年间院外急救与转运总计43599人次，儿童病例2119例（占4．86％），以医院间转运为主（占69．56％）。男女之比1．58：1，0-3岁组占比最多（64．98％）。②在2119例院外急救儿童病例中，系统性疾病排名前四位依次是呼吸系统疾病（36．53％）、围产期病况（20．10％）、外伤（17．56％）、消化系统疾病（10．95％）。不同年龄患儿疾病谱排序有明显差异，0－3岁组排名前三位的依次是发热原因不明、新生儿肺炎和早产儿；3－6岁组以发热原因不明、外伤、肺炎为主；6-12岁组则以外伤、发热原因不明、上呼吸道感染为主。院外死亡病例共28例，死亡原因主要溺水、外伤和心脏病。嘉定区于2013年开始使用移动暖箱转运患儿，全年安全转运38例，无途中死亡病例，③一天中，儿童患者呼救的高峰时间为9：00～10：00和15：00—16：00。一年中，高峰季节则出现在4月和7月份。④70．27％病例的急救反应时间小于10min。结论威胁嘉定区院外急救的儿童患者生命健康的主要疾病是呼吸系统疾病、外伤和围产期病况。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of pre-hospital emergency care for pediatric patients in Jiading District, Shanghai, from 2010 to 2013. Methods The clinical data of pediatric patients under 12 years of age who received prehospital emergency care 2010-2013 were screened from the database of emergency care database and the pediatric paicients thus screened were divided into 3 groups by age： 0-3 years, 3-6 years, and 6-12 years. The Characteristics of the children were descriptively analyzed . Results①Totally 43599 patients received pre-hospitalization rescue in these 4 years among which 2119 cases were pediatric patients （4.86%） with a male/ female ratio of 1.58：1. Of those pediatric patients 69.56% were transported from one hospital to another. The pediatric patients aged p 0-3 accounted for 64.98%. ②The top 4 diseases attacking these patients were respiratory system diseases （36.53%）, perinatal conditions （20.10%）, trauma （17.56%）, and digestive system diseases （10.95%）. The top 3 common diseases of the age grou of 0-3 years were unexplained fever, pneumonia, and premature birth. The top 3 diseases of the age group of 3-6 years were unexplained fever, trauma, and pneumonia. The top 3 diseases of the 6-12 years age group were trauma; unexplained fever, and upper respiratory tract infection. A total of 28 children died before they acquired pre-hospital care, the main causes of death were drowning, trauma, and heart disease. There were 38 cases of critical children transported with incubators during 2013. No child died during the transport.③In a day,the peak calls were answered between 09：00 am and 10：00 am and 15：00-16：00pm. In a year, the number of pre-hospitalization rescue cases peaked between April and July. ④In 70.27% of the pediatric patients, the emergency response time was less than 10 minutes. Conclusion The main diseases threatening the health of children in the Jiading District, Shanghai, are respiratory system disease, trauma, and perinatal conditions.
出处
《中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志》
2015年第11期1047-1050,共4页
China Journal of Emergency Resuscitation and Disaster Medicine
基金
上海市嘉定区卫生系统科研项目（2012-12-13）
关键词
儿童
院外急救
流行病学调查
Pediatric patients
Pre-hospital first aid
Epidemiology
作者简介
通信作者：陈尔真，Email：chenerzhen@hotmail．com
