摘要
研究河岸草本植物群落特征是河岸植被生态修复的前提.采用样线法调查辽河保护区及其支流的河岸带草本植物群落,分析物种多样性特征,利用组平均聚类法和除趋势对应分析(DCA)对群落进行分类和排序,并探讨影响河岸草本植物群落分布的主要环境因子.结果显示:辽河保护区及其支流河岸共有草本植物154种,分属40科96属.山区河流的河岸草本植物物种多样性低于平原地区河流,支流的河岸物种多样性高于辽河保护区;群落物种多样性与河流坡降、蜿蜒度以及河流等级显著相关(P<0.01).聚类分析结果显示,辽河保护区及其支流河岸带草本植物群落可划分为23种类型,其中湿生植物群落占据优势,包括无芒稗(Echinochloa crusgalli)群落、水芹(Oenanthe javanica)群落、水蓼(Polygonum hydropiper)群落、疣草(Murdannia keisak)群落、蒌蒿(Artemisia selengensis)群落、藨草(Scirpus triqueter)群落、卵穗荸荠(Heleocharis soloniensis)群落、红鳞扁莎(Pycreus sanguinolentus)群落、褐穗莎草(Cyperus fuscus)群落、芦苇(Phragmites australis)群落、两栖蓼(P.amphibium)群落、圆锥薹草(Carex diandra)+蒌蒿群落和圆锥薹草+沼生蔊菜(Rorippa islandica)群落.DCA排序轴与环境因子的相关性分析表明,海拔、坡降、蜿蜒度和河流等级对辽河保护区及其支流河岸带草本植物群落的分布具有影响,其中河流等级的贡献率最大,其次为海拔和坡降,蜿蜒度贡献率最小.本研究中拂子茅(Calamagrostis epigeios)、荻(Triarrhena saccharifl ora)和芦苇是恢复河岸植被的优良物种.
Research on community characteristics of riparian herbs is an important scientific basis of riparian vegetation rehabilitation.This study aimed to investigate the species diversity and quantitative characteristics of riparian herbs in Liaohe River Conservation Area and its tributaries.Herbaceous communities were investigated by sample line method.Group average clustering analysis and detrended correspondence analysis（DCA） were used to find the major environmental factors affecting the distribution pattern of riparian herbaceous communities.The result showed altogether 154 herbaceous species,belonging to 40 families and 96 genera.The riparian herbaceous species diversity was found to be correlated to river slope,sinuosity and stream order,being lower in rivers of mountain area than in rivers of plain area,and higher in tributaries than in Liaohe River Conservation Area.Clustering analysis classified the herbaceous communities into 23 types,being dominated by hygrophytes including communities of Echinochloa crusgalli,Oenanthe javanica,Polygonum hydropiper,Murdannia keisak,Artemisia selengensis,Scirpus triqueter,Heleocharis soloniensis,Pycreus sanguinolentus,Cyperus fuscus,Phragmites australis,Polygonum amphibium,Carex diandra ＋ Artemisia selengensis and Carex diandra ＋ Rorippa islandica.Correlation analysis between DCA ordination axes and environmental factors showed that the altitude,river slope,sinuosity and stream level were the major environmental factors affecting the distribution pattern of herbaceous communities in the riparian zone of Liaohe River Conservation Area and its tributaries.The results of CCA showed that the contribution ratio of stream level was the highest,followed by altitude and slope,with sinuosity the last.The results suggested that riparian herbaceous characteristics are affected by the comprehensive force of altitude,river slope,sinuosity and stream order,and that Calamagrostis epigeios,Triarrhena sacchariftora and Phragmites australis are suitable species for riparian vegetation rehabilitation.
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期904-911,共8页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41201187)
水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07501-001-02)资助~~
关键词
辽河保护区
河岸带
草本植物
物种多样性
海拔
河流等级
Liaohe River Conservation Area
riparian zone
herbs
species diversity
altitude
stream level
作者简介
通讯作者Corresponding author（E-mail：kongwj@craes．org．cn）
