摘要
在生态环境压力日益增大的背景下,近年来国内外都对旅游产业生态化相关问题做了大量研究。本文通过对国内外十多年来代表性研究论文进行梳理总结,发现国外更加注重生态旅游、可持续旅游、生态旅游利益相关者等具体问题研究,而且多采用定量研究方法;而国内旅游产业生态化研究紧跟国情和宏观政策,经历了思想启蒙到理论建构,再到深化应用的发展过程,总体上更加注重旅游产业生态化理论体系和产业政策研究,并多采用规范分析和定性研究方法。为此,今后国内应该在继续深化理论创新的同时加强实证研究,在努力借鉴国外成果的同时充分结合国情,立足中国实际,吸收中国智慧,逐步建立起富有中国智慧的旅游产业生态化理论体系。
Tourism is essentially a pursuit of leisure activities close to nature and the exotic culture experience, which determines the tourism industry as a comprehensive industry is highly dependent on natural and cultural resources, if there is no good natural environment and authentic culture the tourism industry becomes ＂ the water without source ,the tree without trunk＂ . Therefore, industrial ecology is an inherent requirement of the healthy and sustainable development of tourism. However, with the rapid development of the tourism industry, tourism has become more and more people＇s live necessity, transnational and inter-regional tourism is driving the expansion and globalization of human consumption activities. When every tourism destination enjoy the multiplier effect of the tourism economy, they are under the burden of rapidly worsening ecological environment, and accumulate more and more ecological, social and cultural conflict,the phenomenon of non-ecological tourism industry becomes increasingly prominent ： First, the ecological environment has been severely damaged ; second, national culture suffered a huge impact; and third, energy and resource consumption is increasing rapidly. However, these problems have not attracted enough attention, the long run it laid a huge risk that is bound to the natural ecological balance and economic and social development. Today with ecological and environmental challenges of increasingly energy crisis, industrial ecology is an inevitable choice for the future development of the tourism industry. Over the past decade, there are a lot of domestic and foreign scholars on ecological issues related to the tourism industry. This paper finds that domestic and foreign research has different ideas and methods：First, domestic scholars pay more attention to cross-disciplinary theory and theory system construction, and clearly put forward the tourism industry in this new field of ecology. Currently, the domestic tourism industrial ecology theory system has been initially formed. The foreign research more focus on ecotourism practice and management issues; Second, domestic scholars use the general theoretical and normative research methods in the majority, while empirical research abroad, mostly in the case of formula, the use of questionnaires, statistics and other means to obtain large amounts of data, then use the SPSS and other statistical software for quantitative analysis, more specific and detailed findings; and third, domestic research topics are close to national economic development policies and practices, such as sustainable development, circular economy, low carbon economy, the ethnic economy, as well as issues such as industrial transformation and upgrading, this is related to institutional factors of China＇s economic development and industrial policy, but foreign research pay more attention to ecotourism benefit stakeholders and the carbon footprint and other issues. 1 In short, the abroad researchers pay more attention to specific problems such as ecological tourism, sustainable tourism, coo-tourism stakeholders and usually use quantitative research method; but the domestic research on tourism industrial ecology always connect with national conditions and macroeconomic policies, and experienced the intellectual enlightenment stage to theoretical construction stage and deepen research of application stage. Of course, due to the different development stage of countries and regions, different cultural and institutional context, it is normal to exhibit differences in academic research, so it can not be determined which party is accordingly advanced or backward easily. In the future, China should continue to deepen the theoretical innovation and strengthen the empirical study, and draw foreign achievement by combining Chinese conditions at the same time. Chinese research should base on China＇s actual , establish cultural self-confidence and absorb Chinese wisdom, then gradually establish a tourism industry ecology theory system rich of Chinese wisdom.
出处
《经济管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第9期121-131,共11页
Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"中国西部地区低碳循环经济发展路径与政策机制研究"(10JJD790040)
教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目"中国北疆民族地区草原旅游发展系统性研究"(14YJC850011)
关键词
旅游产业
产业生态化
评述
tourism industry
industrial ecologization
review
作者简介
王汉祥（1979-），男，内蒙古奈曼旗人。讲师，博士研究生，研究领域是民族经济。E-mail：wanghanxiang@aliyun．com；
赵海东（1972-），男，内蒙古呼和浩特人。教授，博士生导师，经济学博士，研究领域是区域经济。E-mail：hdzhaoyy@163．com。
