摘要
针对大尺寸测量系统坐标统一化过程中公共点的测量误差不可控制的问题,提出了利用可现场溯源的标准器取代传统的独立公共点的方法。设计了一种标准器,并用更高精度等级的三坐标测量机对标准器上各个目标点之间的空间几何位置关系进行标定,把这些几何位置关系作为约束条件。现场应用中多站大尺寸测量仪分别测量标准器上的目标点,计算出各个几何关系与通过标定的约束关系之差,将这个差值与设定的误差限进行比较,确定公共点的测量值是否有效。对该方法进行了理论分析和仿真证明。提出了7参数坐标配准算法对大尺寸测量进行空间坐标数据配准。用激光跟踪仪和激光雷达及4个标准器进行现场实验,实验结果与传统方法相比,坐标配准误差得到降低。为了进一步验证该方法的有效性,把一根经过检定的基准尺放置于测量空间的12个不同位置,使用标准器约束前后的两组坐标配准参数分别计算基准尺长度的平均值和标准差。实验结果表明,使用标准器约束方法能够提高大尺寸测量系统坐标统一化精度。
Aiming at the problem that the measurement error of the reference common points cannot be controlled in the coordinate unifi- cation process in field large scale metrology system, a new method is proposed, which uses field traceable standard artifact to replace the traditional method using independent common points. A standard artifact is designed; a coordinate measuring machine with higher preci- sion is used to calibrate the spatial geometric relationships of the target points on the standard artifact, and the geometric relationships are employed for the constraints. In the field applications, the nmltiple large scale instruments in different stations are used to measure the target points on the standard artifact. The difference between the geometric relationships and the calibrated constraints is calculated, and the difference is compared with the preset error limit to determine whether the measurement results of the common points are effective. The method is analyzed in theory and proved in simulation. A 7 parameter coordinate registration algorithm is proposed and used to con- duct spatial coordinate data registration in large scale metrology. The laser tracker, laser radar and 4 standard artifacts were employed to perform field experiment, the experiment results were compared with those of traditional methods ; and using the proposed method the co- ordinate registration error was reduced. In order to further verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a scale bar with known length was placed in 12 different locations in the measurement space. The mean and standard deviation of the scale bar length were calculated using the 2 group coordinate registration parameters before and after using the standard artifact constraints. The resuhs show that the standard artifact constraint method can greatly improve the coordinate unification accuracy in large scale metrology system.
出处
《仪器仪表学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第8期1845-1852,共8页
Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument
基金
国家自然科学基金(61108073)项目资助
关键词
大尺寸测量
标准器
坐标统一化
约束
现场溯源
坐标配准算法
large scale metrology
standard artifact
coordinate unification
constraint
field traceability
coordinate registration algo-rithm
作者简介
王德元，2009年于长春工业大学获得硕士学位，现为哈尔滨工业大学博士研究生，研究方向为大尺寸几何量测量，信息融合，精密仪器方面的研究。E—mail：wangdeyuan@hit．edu．cn唐文彦，1982和1984年于哈尔滨工业大学分别获得学士和硕士学位，1992年于德国凯撒斯劳腾大学获得博士学位，现为哈尔滨工业大学教授博士生导师，主要研究方向为大尺寸测量、航天器总装。E—mail：tangwy@hit．edu．cn张晓琳（通讯作者），2000年于浙江大学获得学士学位，2006和2010年于哈尔滨工业大学分别获得硕士和博士学位。现为哈尔滨工业大学副教授，主要研究方向为空中探测水下目标的信息感知技术。E—mail：zhangxiaolin@hit．edu．cn
