摘要
为填补小秦岭自然保护区土壤动物群落结构及物种多样性研究的空白,为该地区的保护和科学管理提供理论依据,采用Tullgren干漏斗法和手捡法对小秦岭自然保护区4种代表性生境[刺槐-杨树混交林(Ⅰ)、人工油松林(Ⅱ)、栎类-油松混交林(Ⅲ)和橿子栎灌丛(Ⅳ)]的土壤动物群落结构和多样性进行研究。结果表明:共获得土壤动物1 287只,隶属于4门11纲20目25类。其中,优势类群为弹尾目(30.38%)、甲螨亚目(30.15%)和中气门亚目(14.69%),常见类群为双翅目幼虫(4.43%)、膜翅目(4.04%)、虫齿目(3.65%)、双尾目(1.48%)、小蚓类(1.71%)和线虫类(4.20%),其余为稀有类群。优势类群和常见类群构成该地区土壤动物群落的主体,对土壤动物群落的特征起决定性作用。土壤动物个体数的垂直分布具有一定程度的表聚性。4种生境的Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Margalef丰富度指数排序依次均为Ⅱ>Ⅳ>Ⅰ>Ⅲ,Simpson优势度指数依次为Ⅰ>Ⅲ>Ⅳ>Ⅱ;Jacard相似性系数表明,Ⅱ和Ⅲ之间为中等不相似,其他生境两两之间为中等相似。
In order to fill the research blank of community character of soil animals and diversity of species in Xiaoqinling Nature Reserve, provide a theoretical basis for protection and scientific management of this district, community structure and diversity of soil animals in four habitats [ mixed plantations of Robinia pseudoacacia and Populus liaoningensis （ Ⅰ ）, artificial Chinese pine plantations （ Ⅱ ）, mixed plantations of Quercus and Pinus tabuliformis （ Ⅲ ）, Quercus baronii shrub （Ⅳ） ] of Xiaoqinling nature reserve were investigated by Tullgren dry funnel and hand-pick up methods. Results： A total number of 1 287soil animal individuals were collected, belonging to four phyla, 11 classes, 20 orders and 25 groups. The dominant groups were Collembola （30. 38%）, Oribatida （30. 15%） and Mesostigmata （14. 69%）; Diptera larvae （4. 43%）, Hymenoptera （4. 04%）, Psoeoptera （3. 65%）, Diplura （1. 48%）, Micridrile oligochaetes （1.71%） and Nematoda （4.20%） were the common groups; The others were rare groups. The dominant groups and common groups constituted the main body of soil animal community in the region, playing a decisive role on soil animal community characteristics. The vertical distribution of the number of the soil animals individuals had a certain degree of accumulation. Shannon-Wiener index （H ＇）, Pielou evenness index （J sw） and Margalef richness index （M） in four habitats ordered as Ⅱ 〉Ⅳ〉Ⅰ 〉Ⅲ ; Simpson dominance index （C） ordered as Ⅰ〉Ⅲ〉Ⅳ〉Ⅱ. Jacard similarity index （q） showed that the similarity was moderate dissimilar between habitat Ⅱ and Ⅲ, being medium similar among the other habitats for every two habitats.
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
2015年第7期9-13,共5页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家基础科学人才培养基金子项目"高效农田土壤动物群落结构及生物防治关键技术研究"(J1210069-32)
关键词
小秦岭
土壤动物
群落结构
物种多样性
自然保护区
Xiaoqinling
soil animals
structure of community
species diversity
nature reserve
作者简介
李江（1989-），女，在读硕士，研究方向：土壤动物生态学。E—mail：972283356@qq．com
通讯作者：谢桂林（1973-），男，副教授，博士，从事等跳科昆虫系统分类和土壤动物生态学研究。E—mail：desoria@qq．com
