摘要
利用小麦大田试验,以普通尿素和氯化钾为肥料对照,设置不施肥、100％当地推荐施肥量和70％当地推荐施肥量3个氮钾肥水平,探究了控释氮肥、控释钾肥以不同比例配施对小麦生长及土壤肥力的影响.结果表明,控释氮肥和控释钾肥不同用量配施提高了土壤氮钾素供应水平,促进了小麦籽粒及秸秆对氮、磷和钾素的吸收;控释氮肥和控释钾肥提高了氮钾利用率,氮钾利用率分别为42.15％～60.47％和58.31％～81.24％,比普通肥处理分别增加了12.34％～61.17％和16.02％～90.84％,也促进了磷素的吸收.控释肥处理小麦产量较普通肥处理提高了7.79％～16.49％,每1 hm2增收691.46～2 427.84元,提高了产投比.因此,控释氮钾肥科学配施有较好的效果,在本试验条件下70％控释氮肥加100％控释钾肥配施可获得更高的产量和经济效益.
A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different proportion of controlled release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers on the growth of wheat and soil fertility. In this experiment, a treatment with the application of common urea and potassium chloride（common fertilizer） was established, and treatments with 0 （CK）, 70% and 100% recommended fertilization quantity of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers were also established. The results showed that different proportion of controlled release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers improved the supply level of soil nitrogen and potassium and promoted wheat grain and straw to absorb nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. Controlled release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers increased the use efficiency of nitrogen and potassium. The use efficiency of nitrogen and potassium in controlled release fertilizer treatments were 42. 15 %～60.7% and 58.31%～81.24%higher than those in CK treatment, while 12.34%～61. 17% and 16.02%～90. 84% higher than those in common fertilizer treatment, respectively. The controlled release fertilizers also promoted the absorption of phosphorus. The controlled release fertilizer treatments significantly increased wheat yield by 7. 79%～16.49% and increased the income by 691. 49 2 427.84 Yuan per hectare, inducing increases in the ratio of output to input. Thus, the application of controlled release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers showed better effects than common fertilizers. Under the conditions of this experiment, combined application of 70% controlled release nitrogen fertilizer and 100% controlled release potassium fertilizer could increase wheat yield and economic benefits most greatly.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期178-183,189,共7页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD11B01
2011BAD11B02)
国家"948"重点项目(2011-G30)
关键词
控释氮肥
控释钾肥
土壤肥力
小麦
controlled release nitrogen fertilizer
controlled release potassium fertilizer
soil fertility
wheat
作者简介
张务帅（1990-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事土壤化学研究。E-mail：wszhang2008@163．com
通信作者：陈宝成（1969-），男，副教授，主要从事土壤肥料及植物营养研究。Email：bcchl08205@163．com
