摘要
在 2 0世纪 40年代末、 5 0年代初 ,英国经历了一次令世人注目的国有化运动 ,主要在自然垄断产业 ,把一批分散的小型地方政府企业和私有企业变革为少数大型国有企业。 3 0、 40年后 ,在 2 0世纪 80年代初以来 ,英国又经历了一次更为举世瞩目的私有化运动 ,对自然垄断产业的国有企业实行了私有化。本文从政治经济的角度 ,着重分析英国自然垄断产业企业所有制变革的原因与成效 ,并探讨其对中国自然垄断产业实行民营化改革的启示。
At the end of 1940s and the beginning of 1950s in last century,a great nationalization movement happened in Britain,as a result,some large state enterprises were established in natural monopoly industries.About 30 or 40 years later,at the beginning of 1980s,a greater privatization movement took place also in Britain,most of the state enterprises in natural monopoly industries have been transformed into private enterprises.From a view of politics and economics,this article analyzes the causes of enterprises ownership transformation in British natural monopoly industries,and discusses its enlightenment to privatization reform in Chinas natural monopoly industries.
关键词
英国
自然垄断产业
所有制变革
企业体制
natural monopoly industries
ownership transformation
enlightenment
