摘要
目的：分析初产妇、经产妇心理状态特点,以便采取更有效的干预措施。方法筛选2014年6月至2015年1月在咸阳市旬邑县妇幼保健院产科门诊产前检查的健康初产和经产妇各60名,孕周为28～40周。入组时用焦虑自评量表（ SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）对两组孕妇进行心理评定,并给1次支持性心理干预（40～60分钟）,1周后再次用SAS、SDS对两组孕妇进行评定分析。结果经产妇干预前SAS（50.73±3.45）、SDS（49.13±3.86）评分明显高于初产妇SAS（42.45±2.08）、SDS（41.77±2.21）,差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为-15.921、-12.817,均P〈0.01）；干预后两组SAS、SDS评分均比干预前明显降低,差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为14.999、15.413；15.724、15.832,均P〈0.01）；干预后经产妇 SAS（38.61±5.02）、SDS（39.10±3.03）评分明显高于初产妇SAS（34.88±3.31）、SDS（32.01±4.27）,差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为-4.805、-10.489,均P〈0.01）。结论初产妇和经产妇均伴有焦虑、抑郁情绪,干预前后经产妇抑郁、焦虑情绪均较初产妇明显,支持性心理干预能有效改善孕妇的不良情绪。
Objective To analyze the psychological status of primiparas and pluriparas so as to formulate more effective intervention measures. Methods From June 2014 to January 2015 60 primiparas and 60 pluriparas at 28 -40 gestational weeks were selected from Xianyang Xunyi County Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, who underwent prenatal examination in outpatient clinics. Before grouping the pregnant women were given psychological evaluation by SAS and SDS and a supportive psychological intervention （ 40 -60 min） . One week later evaluation and analysis were conducted again for both groups by SAS and SDS. Results Before intervention, SAS （50. 73 ± 3. 45） and SDS （49. 13 ± 3. 86） of pluriparas were obviously higher than those of primiparas （42. 45 ± 2. 08, 41. 77 ± 2. 21）, and the differences were significant （t value was -15. 921 and -12. 817, respectively, both P〈0. 01）. After intervention, SAS and SDS of two groups reduced obviously with significant differences （ t value was 14. 999, 15. 413, 15. 724 and 15. 832, respectively, all P〈0. 01）, and SAS （38. 61 ± 5. 02） and SDS （39. 10 ± 3. 03） of pluriparas were obviously higher than those of primiparas （34. 88 ± 3. 31, 32.01 ± 4. 27） with significant differences （t value was -4. 805 and -10. 489, respectively, both P 〈0. 01）. Conclusion Both primiparas and pluriparas have anxiety and depression. Depression and anxiety are more severe among pluriparas than primiparas before and after intervention. The supportive psychological interventions can effectively improve the unhealthy emotion of pregnant women.
出处
《中国妇幼健康研究》
2015年第3期625-627,共3页
Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research
关键词
初产妇
经产妇
抑郁
焦虑
心理干预
primiparas
pluriparas
depression
anxiety
psychological intervention
作者简介
陈瑾（1965-），女，主管护理师，主要从事护理及人力资源管理工作。
[通讯作者]马明芳，副主任护师。
