摘要
本文目的是回顾与3～5岁儿童体力活动有关的重要研究问题。本文将从三个主要研究领域进行分析：健康效果、体力活动模式、干预和政策。研究的主要问题包括：确定体力活动的健康效果,确定体力活动对保持健康体重的影响,探明体力活动对学习和行为习惯的影响,以及静坐行为对健康的影响。与体力活动模式相关的研究问题包括3～5岁儿童满足现有体力活动推荐量的情况;影响体力活动的社会和环境因素,包括家庭、幼儿园、社区环境;体力活动如何对学龄儿童期、青少年时期和成年以后产生影响。关于干预和政策方面的研究问题包括确定在家庭、保育机构、社区环境最有效的促进体力活动的干预策略,以及不同幼儿适用的干预方案;确定有效的干预手段和宣传策略;制定有效的能够增加幼儿体力活动水平的国家、州、地方和机构的政策。总之,全面了解体力活动对3～5岁儿童健康的影响,以便于掌握该群体的体力活动特点,探索如何促进幼儿的体力活动。
The purpose of this article was to highlight important research needs related to physical activity in 3-to5-year-old children. We identified research needs in 3 major categories： health effects,patterns of physical activity,and interventions and policies. The top research needs include identifying the health effects of physical activity,the effects of physical activity on the development of healthy weight,the effects of physical activity on learning and behavior,and the health implications of sedentary behavior. Research questions concerning patterns of physical activity include determining the prevalence of 3-to 5-year-olds meeting the current physical activity guidelines; the social and environmental factors that influence physical activity in home,preschool,and community settings; and how physical activity tracks into later childhood,adolescence,and adulthood. Research questions about interventions and policies include identifying the most effective strategies to promote physical activity in home,child care,and community settings and to reach diverse populations of young children,identifying effective intervention implementation and dissemination strategies,and determining the effectiveness of national,state,local,and institutional policies for increasing physical activity. In conclusion,research is needed to establish a full understanding of the health implications of physical activity in 3-to 5-year-old children,to better understand the nature of physical activity behavior in this group,and to learn how to promote physical activity in young children.
出处
《北京体育大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第6期48-54,共7页
Journal of Beijing Sport University
关键词
保育机构
健康
干预
政策
child care
health
intervention
policy
作者简介
Russell R．Pate，教授，研究方向儿童青少年体力活动的测量与干预，儿童青少年体质健康。
