摘要
【目的】分析普通野生稻与籼稻杂交后代田间表现,筛选优良单株,为普通野生稻资源的利用提供参考。【方法】利用普通野生稻DP3与籼稻93-11杂交获得F1群体,再自交获得F3、F4群体,并考察F4群体的优良单株自交后代农艺性状。【结果】与亲本DP3、93-11相比,杂交F1植株的株高、实粒数、秕谷数和单株产量均表现出较强的超亲现象,F2单株农艺性状出现较大变异。在F3家系中,秕谷数变异系数最大,为78.36%;其次是单株产量,为71.98%;株实粒数、穗粒数、有效穗数和结实率分别为67.49%、47.38%、46.66%和35.45%;千粒重、株高和穗长的变异系数相对较低,分别为18.36%、13.09%和11.79%。筛选获得的3株F6单株产量分别为29.5、31.0和34.9 g,均高于父母本,其他性状如穗长、实粒数、穗粒数等表现优良。【结论】籼野型杂交后代大部分性状存在超亲分离现象,采用"低世代、超大群体法"对其杂交后代进行选择,能够有效筛选获得农艺性状优良单株。
[Objective]The present research was conducted to investigate the field performance of offsprings derived from cross between Oryza rufipogon Griff. and indica rice, and screen elite plants in order to provide references for wild rice utilization in rice breeding. [Method]Wild rice accession DP3 was crossed with indica rice cultivar 93-11 to produce FI generation. F3 and F4 generations were derived from self-inbred of F1. The yield and other agronomic traits of self-inbred generations derived from elite plants of F4 population were investigated at mature stage of rice. [Result]As compared to parents DP3 and 93-11, the plant height, filled grains, abortive grains and yield of F1 plants showed stronger transgres- sive segregation, and F2 plants also presented more variation in agronomic traits. As to F3 population plants, the abortive grains per plant had the largest coefficient of variation with 78.36%, followed by yield （71.98%）. The filled grains, grains per panicle, effective panicles per plant and seed setting rate had moderate coefficient of variation, with 67.49%, 47.38%, 46.66% and 35.45%, respectively. The coefficient of variation of 1000-grain weight, plant height and panicle length was lower with 18.36%, 13.09% and 11.79%, respectively. The 3 elite plants screened showed higher yield per plant with 29.5, 31.0 and 34.9 g as compared to the parents, and their other traits such as panicle length, filled grains and grains per panicle also presented better. [Conclusion]For most of agronomic traits, there was transgressive segregation in the off- springs derived from cross between Oryza rufipogon Griff. and indica rice. And it is feasible to select elite individuals from the offsprings derived from cross between Oryza rufipogon Griff. and indica rice by taking method of low generation selec- tion with large population.
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期739-744,共6页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31360329)
广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项项目(桂农科2014YZ16
桂农科2013YT05)
南宁市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(20132304)
关键词
水稻
普通野生稻
变异
超亲现象
优良单株
rice
Oryza rufipogon Griff.
variation
transgressive segregation
elite plant
作者简介
韦贵剑（1964-），高级农艺师，主要从事农作物育种及栽培技术推广研究工作，E—mail：hegj9582@163．com
通讯作者，黄大辉（1977-），研究员，主要从事水稻遗传育种研究工作，E-mail：hdhll03@163．com。
