摘要
通过田间试验,分别采集小麦成熟期、玉米成熟期和小麦播种期耕层土样,研究不同的秸秆还田方式(秸秆还田、焚烧还田和火粪还田)与保护性耕作(减耕和免耕)对砂姜黑土有机质和氮素养分的影响,以期得到培肥砂姜黑土的最佳方式。结果表明:作物秸秆还田可以增加砂姜黑土有机质和全氮的含量,但是对速效氮含量影响不大。在不同的秸秆还田和保护性耕作处理中,秸秆火粪还田和免耕条件下的秸秆还田对砂姜黑土有机质和全氮含量的增加效果最为明显。与对照相比,秸秆火粪还田后土壤有机质和全氮含量分别平均提高4.45 g/kg和0.131 g/kg;免耕条件下的秸秆还田其土壤有机质和全氮含量分别平均提高3.36 g/kg和0.095 g/kg;减耕条件下的秸秆还田和秸秆粉碎还田对增加砂姜黑土有机质和全氮含量的效果不显著;秸秆焚烧不能增加砂姜黑土有机质和全氮的含量。秸秆还田和保护性耕作不会大幅度提高砂姜黑土C/N进而影响土壤氮素养分的供应,同时秸秆还田能有效提高土壤微生物量碳氮,但微生物量的碳氮比却保持在适宜的范围内。
In this study, the effects of straw returning and conservation tillage mode on the contents of organic matter and nitrogen nutrient in the lime concretion black soil were investigated by the field experiment in order to gain the best way of improving the soil fertility. The results showed that straw returning increased the organic matter and total nitrogen content of the lime concretion black soil, but had little impact on the available nitrogen content. Among different straw returning and conservation tillage patterns, straw returning by fire dung and no-tillage plus straw returned patterns increased obviously organic matter and total nitrogen content. Compared with contrast, the treatment of straw returning fire dung increased the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen respectively by 4.45 g/kg and 0.131 g/kg averagely; the treatment of no-tillage plus straw returning increased the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen respectively by 3.36 g/kg and 0.095 g/kg averagely; the condition of reduced tillage plus straw returning and returning straw crushing increased the contents of soil organic matter and total nitrogen inconspicuously; straw burning did not improve the contents of soil organic matter and nitrogen; straw returning and conservation tillage did not significantly increase the ratio of C/N which affected the nitrogen nutrient supply of the soil to the crop, and meanwhile straw returning and conservation tillage improved the soil microbial biomass respectively, but the ratio between microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen remained in the appropriate range.
出处
《土壤》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第3期483-489,共7页
Soils
基金
安徽省自然科学基金项目(1408085MD75)
安徽省高校自然科学重点项目(KJ2013A113)资助
关键词
秸秆还田
保护性耕作
砂姜黑土
有机质
氮素
微生物生物量
Straw returning
Conservation tillage
Lime concretion black soil
Organic matter
Nitrogen
Microbial biomass
作者简介
王晓波（1989-），男，安徽合肥人，硕士研究生，主要从事土壤生态与养分管理方面的研究。E-mail：goive_wang@163．com
通讯作者（zhulin@ahau．edu．cn）
