摘要
以晋大70(抗旱型)和晋豆26(敏感型)2个大豆品种为材料,采用盆栽方法,在鼓粒期设置充分供水、轻度干旱和重度干旱3种水分处理,研究了干旱胁迫对大豆鼓粒期叶片光合能力和根系生长的影响.结果表明:随着干旱程度加剧,2个品种的叶面积、叶绿素含量、净光合速率、叶片气孔导度、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度、株质量、株高、籽粒产量和收获指数均降低;根长和根质量在轻度干旱胁迫下增加,在重度干旱胁迫下减少;根冠比随干旱程度加剧而升高.重度干旱胁迫下,抗旱型品种晋大70根冠比的增幅达到135.7%,大于敏感型品种晋豆26根冠比的增幅(116.7%),晋大70的叶面积和叶绿素含量分别为对照的69.3%和85.5%,均优于晋豆26,晋大70的气孔导度和净光合速率分别下降了67.9%和77.9%,降幅均小于晋豆26,晋大70的收获指数的降幅为43.8%,小于晋豆26(78.8%).不同干旱处理下,2个品种的叶面积、叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度两两之间均呈显著正相关;株质量、株高、根长、根质量、籽粒产量、收获指数两两之间均呈显著正相关;根冠比与根质量呈显著正相关,而与其他5个指标呈显著负相关.
A drought-resistant soybean cultivar Jinda 70 and a drought-sensitive soybean cultivar Jindou 26 were taken as test materials. At the grain filling stage,the cultivars were subject to three water treatments including sufficient water supply,light drought stress,and severe drought stress by using pot experiments for research on influence of drought on leaf photosynthetic capacity and root growth of soybeans. The results showed that as the degree of drought stress was aggravated,all of the indices including leaf area,chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rates（ Pn）,stomatal conductance（ gs）,transpiration rate（ Tr）,intercellular CO2concentration（ Ci）,plant mass,plant height,seed yield,and harvest index in the two cultivars declined. The root length and root mass increased under light drought stress,and decreased under severe drought stress. Root-shoot ratio ascended as the degree of drought stress was aggravated. Under severe drought stress,the increase of root-shoot ratio of the drought-resistant soybean cultivar Jinda 70 was up to 135. 7%,which was higher than the that（ 116. 7%） of the drought-sensitive soybean cultivar Jindou 26. Simultaneously,leaf area and chlorophyll content in Jinda 70 were respectively 69. 3% and 85. 5% of those in the control,which were better than those of Jindou 26. gsand Pnof Jinda 70 respectively declined67. 9% and 77. 9%,but still lower than those of Jindou 26. Therefore,the decline range of harvest index of Jinda 70 was 43. 8%,which was lower than the range of 78. 8% of Jindou 26. The Biplot revealed that under different dry treatments,there were significant positive correlations among the six indexes including leaf area,chlorophyll content,Pn,gs,Tr,and Ciof the two cultivars. There were also significant positive correlations among the six indices including plant mass,plant height,root length,root mass,seed yield,and harvest index. Root-shoot ratio only had significant positive correlation with root mass and had significant negative correlations with other five indices.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第5期1419-1425,共7页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
山西省科技攻关项目(20120311005-3)
山西省农业科技成果转化资金项目
山西农业大学科技创新基金项目(育种基金)(2006057)资助
关键词
大豆
鼓粒期
干旱胁迫
光合能力
根系生长
soybean
grain filling stage
drought stress
photosynthetic capacity
root growth
作者简介
郭数进，男，1979年生，博士．主要从事大豆抗旱生态育种研究．E—mail：williamletter@163．com
通讯作者．E-mail：li-gui-quan@126．com
