摘要
井下瓦斯抽放对煤矿安全生产起着重要的作用,抽采出的瓦斯必须集中输送到地面加以综合利用。建设单独通向地面的瓦斯抽排井与传统的矿井管道布置方式相比,具有明显的优势。由于瓦斯抽排井直径远大于地质勘探与石油钻孔,又比煤矿井筒小得多,因此只能采用钻机施工。归纳总结了瓦斯抽排井的作用与结构形式,并将其分为集中瓦斯抽排井和管道式瓦斯抽排井两种类型。集中瓦斯抽排井可以采用普通凿井法、竖井钻机和反井钻机等方法施工;管道式瓦斯抽排井往往采用机械钻进方式施工,钻进技术的关键是高效排渣、管道安装和管道固定。比较了不同钻机(包括地质钻机、石油钻机、潜孔钻机、竖井钻机和反井钻机等)钻进工艺、不同排渣方式(包括正循环排渣、反循环排渣和自由落体排渣等)的适用范围及优缺点,并对钻孔泥浆中、裸孔内管道安装工艺进行了阐述。指出反井钻机施工瓦斯抽排井的优势,以及需要研究的技术工艺内容。
Gas drawing underground produces a very important function to a coal mine safety produc- tion, pumping out gas must be put together and then transported to the ground, in order to be com- prehensively used. Constructing an independent gas drainage well leading to the ground has obvious advantages compared with the traditional way of mine shaft pipelines arrangement. Because the diame- ter of gas drainage well is much larger than the diameter of geological prospecting borehole, and much smaller than the diameter of coal mine shaft, its construction must use boring machine only. This pa- per summarized the function and structure of gas drainage well, and divided it into two types, i. e. centralized gas drainage well and pipeline gas drainage well. The centralized gas drainage well Can be constructed by ordinary sinking method, full face shaft boring machine, raise boring machine, etc; the pipeline gas drainage well was generally constructed by mechanical drilling method, the key to the drilling technology includes efficient slag removal, pipeline installation and fixing. This paper com- pared the application scope, advantages and disadvantages of different drilling technologies （including geological drilling rig, petroleum drilling rig, down-the-hole drilling rig, shaft drilling machine and raise boring machine, etc. ） and slag removal styles（including positive cycle slag removal, reverse circulation slag removal, free fall slag removal, etc. ）, and expounded the technology of pipeline installa- tion in drilling mud or in bare borehole. This paper also pointed out the advantages of raise boring ma- chine drilling gas drainage wells and its technical process contents which remain to be deeply studied.
出处
《建井技术》
2015年第1期1-7,共7页
Mine Construction Technology
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划(863)资助项目(SS2012AA060611)
关键词
瓦斯抽排井
反井钻机
机械钻井
管道安装
钻进技术
gas drainage well
raise boring machine
mechanical drilling
pipe installation
drilling technology
作者简介
作者简介：刘志强（1962-），男，河北徐水人，研究员。Tel：010—84263105，E—mail：liuzhiqiang@vip．sohu．com
