摘要
为明确四倍体小麦矮秆基因Rht14、Rht16和Rht18的赤霉素敏感性及其对小麦农艺性状的影响,促进这些矮秆基因的合理利用。选用分别含有Rht14、Rht16和Rht18的四倍体小麦近等基因系ANW16D(Rht14)、ANW16F(Rht16)、ANW16G(Rht18)及其高秆轮回亲本LD222以及六倍体小麦中国春(Chinese spring),测量其不同浓度GA3处理下小麦的株高,计算赤霉素敏感系数(GRI)并推断3种矮秆小麦的赤霉素反应类型。在成熟期对LD222近等基因系小麦的农艺性状如株高、穗长、主穗穗下第一茎节(P-1)节间长、节间表皮细胞、种子表皮细胞及种子体积等进行测量,分析Rht14、Rht16、Rht18这3个矮秆基因对小麦这些农艺性状的效应。结果表明,ANW16D、ANW16F和ANW16G这3个矮秆小麦株高恢复到正常LD222株高的最适GA3浓度为10-4mol/L;3个矮秆品种均为赤霉素敏感型且敏感性大小为中国春<ANW16G<ANW16F<ANW16D<LD222;Rht14、Rht16、Rht18均是通过降低主穗穗下第一茎节(P-1)节间长度来使小麦株高降低,降低效应为Rht18<Rht16<Rht14;它们降低小麦株高的根本原因均是缩短了小麦节间表皮细胞长度且缩短效应与降低株高效应一致;3个矮秆基因均在降低小麦株高的同时不影响种子的体积。
Understanding the gibberellin sensitivity of the Rht genes Rht14,Rht16 and Rht18 in tetraploid wheat and the effects on agronomic traits are crucial for the proper utilization of these Rht genes in yield improve-ment of wheat. Five cultivars,namely,the tetraploid wheat near isogenic lines of ANW16D,ANW16F and ANW16G which contains Rht14,Rht16 and Rht18 gene,respectively,the recurrent parent LD222 and hexaploid wheat Chi-nese spring were served as materials in present studies. The heights of five cultivars before and after GA 3 treatment were measured respectively to study the gibberellin response type. At the mature period,some main agronomic traits,such as plant height,main spike length,the first internode length under main spike,internode of epidermal cells,grain epidermal cells and grain volume were measured to acquaint the effects of Rht14,Rht16 and Rht18 on them. Results indicated that ANW16D,ANW16F and ANW16G were GA-sensitive,and their sensitivity order was Chinese spring〈ANW16G 〈ANW16F 〈ANW16D 〈LD222. 10 -4 mol/L GA3 was the best concentration level to spray with dwarf cultivars,which can restore the plant height to the normal control LD222′s height. Analysis of these agronomic traits showed that the most essential reason that Rht14,Rht16 and Rht18 reduced plant height was short-ening the first internode epidermal cell length,and the reducing effect order was Rht18 〈Rht16 〈Rht14. But the three Rht genes did not affect the seed size while minimizing the height.
出处
《华北农学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期132-139,共8页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31301319)
教育部重点项目(211164)
西华师范大学大学生科技创新基金项目(201410638016)
作者简介
王清海（1988-），男，四川安岳人，在读硕士，主要从事小麦遗传育种研究。
通讯作者：彭正松（1964-），男，四川安岳人，教授，博士，主要从事小麦遗传育种研究。
