摘要
实验动物功能性肠病造模方法很多,包括药物(复方地芬诺酯法、吗啡注射法、生大黄递增灌胃法、洛哌丁胺致便秘法)、物理刺激(冰水灌胃法、限水限食法)、手术、饮食造模、照射等方法,以药物造模为主,辅以手术和物理刺激。以往多以出现临床相似症状作为模型成功判定标准,目前逐渐倾向于从临床病机、诱因和病理变化等方面着手。现有造模方法特点:1弱化功能性便秘特征,混淆功能性便秘模型与普通便秘模型;2缺乏统一模型成功判定标准,仍多以出现与临床功能性便秘相似体征判定造模成功;3缺乏药物剂量与剂型统一标准,药物使用混乱,难以判定药物在造模同时的毒性和伤害性;4造模手段单一,难以模拟功能性便秘这种起病复杂的身心疾病。造模成功标准至少需要满足:1模型在起病诱因、发病机制、症状和体征上与临床患者具有较高的相似性,模型稳定,不易反弹产生耐受性;2造模药物或器材购买方便,使用简易,剂量掌握灵活,对动物损伤小,存活率和成功率较高,可复制性强;3利用仪器或各种检测手段,可判定各检测指标符合功能性便秘特点。功能性便秘是一种起病诱因极其复杂的疾病,涉及饮食结构、生活习惯、社会压力等,表现为一系列生理、心理和精神状态改变,应用现代化科技和检测手段,制定统一模型判定标准,使模型病因病理更符合临床实践,是未来功能性便秘动物模型制作中应该探索和解决的问题。
Experimental animal functional bowel mold Method many, including medicine（compound diphenoxylate Method, morphine injection Method, rhubarb increasing gastric lavage, loperamide then Arcane）, physical stimulation（intragastric ice water law, water limiting caloric restriction Method）, operation, modeling Methods such as diet, exposure to the drug, making model based, supplemented by operation and physical stimulation. Previous to the occurrence of clinical symptoms as similar model success criteria, the current gradually inclined from the clinical pathogenesis, predisposing factors and pathological changes and other aspects. The existing modeling Methods： weakening of functional constipation characteristics, confusion of functional constipation constipation model and common model; the lack of a unified model of success criteria, still appears with clinical signs of functional constipation similar decision modeling success; lack of unified standard dose and dosage form of drugs, drug use disorder, difficult to determine the drug in toxicity and harm of molding and mold; the means of a single, difficult to simulate the onset of functional constipation complicated mental disease. Modeling success criteria must meet at least： the model of symptoms and signs in the common inducement, pathogenesis, and clinical patients have higher similarity, the model is stable, not easy rebound produce tolerance; the molding drugs or equipment is easy to buy, the use of simple, flexible dose grasp of animal, small injury, survival rate and the success rate is high, can be copied and strong; the use of the instrument or a variety of detection Methods, can determine all indexes accord with the characteristics of functional constipation. Functional constipation is a common inducement complicated disease, involving diet structure, living habits, social pressure, as a series of physiological, psychological and mental status changes, application of modern technology and means of detection, the formulation of uniform criteria model, make the model more in line with the disease by pathology and clinical practice, is the future of functional constipation preparation of animal model should be explored and solved.
出处
《实用中医内科杂志》
2015年第2期169-172,共4页
Journal of Practical Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine
基金
四川省科技厅项目(2012jy0039)
国家自然基金项目(81273853)
关键词
功能性便秘
动物造模
药物
物理刺激
手术
饮食造模
综述
Functional constipation
Animal model
Drug
Physical stimulation
Operation
Diet model
Review
作者简介
通讯作者：李瑛，E—mail：jialee@mail．sc．cninfo．net，Tel：028—6687—5811
