摘要
采用水培法对三种豆科作物在不同介质pH、磷水平、Al3＋、Mn2＋协迫条件下植株的生长、相关酶类活性、元素吸收及有机酸分泌及其差异性进行了探讨。结果表明，三种豆科作物在低pH条件下的生物产量显著降低，而根尖H＋－ATPase活性显著提高，低pH溶液对作物影响顺序为：草木犀＞苜蓿＞大豆；低磷（0．05、0．10 mmol／L）胁迫下三种豆科作物生物产量、植株磷含量均显著下降而根尖H＋－ATPase活性显著提高，三种作物中苜蓿对低磷胁迫较敏感，而草木犀适应性最强；铝（3～10μmol／L ）处理后苜蓿和草木犀根尖能被苏木精染为紫色，且苜蓿的染色较草木犀的深，而铝处理后的大豆根尖经苏木精染色后观察不到明显的紫色，且大豆根尖经30μmol／L处理后根系分泌柠檬酸。锰（50、100μmol／L MnSO4）处理对三种植株的生物产量和锰含量的影响顺序为大豆＞苜蓿＞草木犀。采用赋值法对三种豆科作物适应酸性土壤中低pH、低磷、高铝、高锰胁迫的适应能力的综合评价表明，三种豆科作物的综合适应能力顺序为大豆＞草木犀＞苜蓿。
Hydroponic experiments were conducted to study the response of three leguminous crops to the stresses of low pH, low phosphorus and high concentrations of Al3＋and Mn2＋.The plant growth, related en-zyme activities, nutrient absorption, organic acid secretion and their differences between the three leguminous crops were analyzed.The results were as follows.The biomass decreased significantly and the H＋-ATPase activity in root tips increased significantly in the three leguminous crops under the low pH （4.5 and 5.5） con-dition;and the effects of low pH stress on the three leguminous crops showed the order of sweet clover〉alfalfa〉soybean.Low phosphorus （0.05, 0.10 mmol/L） stress significantly decreased the biomass and P accumu-lation in plants but increased the H＋-ATPase activity in root tips;in which, alfalfa was more sensitive to low phosphorus, while sweet clover had the highest adaptability.After Al3＋（3~10 μmol/L） treatment, the root tips of alfalfa and sweet clover could be dyed purple by hematoxylin, and the color of alfalfa was deeper.How-ever, the root tips of soybean could not be dyed obviously.After treated with 30μmol/L Al3＋, the citric acid was secreted by the root tips of soybean.The effects of Mn2＋（50, 100μmol/L MnSO4 ） on biomass and Mn2＋accumulation in plants were in the order of soybean〉;alfalfa〉sweet clover.The comprehensive adaptability of the three crops to the four stresses of acid soil were evaluated by assignment method, and the results showed＆amp;nbsp;that soybean had the best comprehensive adaptability, and then sweet clover;alfalfa had the worst comprehen-sive adaptability.
出处
《山东农业科学》
2015年第4期66-70,75,共6页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
广西自然科学基金"酸性土壤上甘蔗幼苗失绿黄化成因
机理及对策研究"(2012GXNSFDA053010)
关键词
豆科作物
酸性土壤
逆境
适应性
差异
Leguminous crops
Acid soil
Adverse situation
Adaptability
Differences
作者简介
夏龙飞（1989-），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为西南地区植物营养生理。
通讯作者：赵尊康（1985-），男，博士，讲师。E-mail：zhaozk2013@gxu．edu．cn
