摘要
针对目前大庆油田常用的清防蜡技术存在污染油层、成本高和能耗高的现状,提出了利用地热资源和真空管超导传热原理,将加入超导介质的真空密闭双层（或单层）空心抽油杆下入到地层温度为60~80℃的井段,通过大地温度将超导液体加热汽化,迅速将大地温度传到整个抽油杆密闭空间,加热井筒内的混合油液,使井筒内液体温度高于结蜡温度,实现低成本、无污染清防蜡的目的。考虑到管壁保温和远距离的热量传输,优先选用双层管结构空心抽油杆。通过计算,确定地层每秒供给的热量,并按地层热量利用率为20%计算,每天可利用的地热相当于72k W·h电的能量。理论上,只要选择合适的空心抽油杆参数和超导液,下到合理的深度,充盈的地热资源就可以满足对井筒内液体加热的需要。同时,井口出液温度的提高可以改善地面集输条件,从而简化地面集输设施,具有更大的经济效益和社会效益。与常规抽油机井相比,采用该新型防蜡工艺技术,每年每口井可节省采油费用0.67万元。
The paraffin removing and inhibiting technology used in Daqing oilfield now has the disadvantages of reservoir pollution,high cost and high energy consumption.A technology based on geothermal resources and the principle of vacuum tube heat superconducting is proposed.A hollow sucker rod with vacuum sealed dou-ble（or single） tubes in superconducting medium is tripped into the formations that the temperature is 60-80℃.The superconducting liquid is heated and vaporized through the land,and the earth temperature quickly spreads to the entire airtight space of the rod.The mixed oil inside the wellbore will be heated and the well-bore fluids temperature may be higher than the wax precipitation temperature.The paraffin removing and in-hibiting with low cost and no pollution will come true.The hollow sucker rod with double tubes may be se-lected optimally considering wall heat preservation and heat transfer for long distance.The heat supplied by the formation every second is calculated.According to the rate of utilization 20%,the use of geothermal energy is equivalent to that of the power 72 k W·h everyday.In theory,as long as choosing the appropriate parameters of the hollow sucker rod and the appropriate superconducting fluid to a reasonable depth,the adequate geothermal resources can meet the need for heating liquid in the wellbore.Because of the increasing of the wellhead fluid temperature at the same time,the gathering condition of surface is improved,so surface gathering facilities can be simplified.Greater economic and social benefits are achieved.Six thousand and seven hun-dred yuan may be saved for the production cost per well and per year after this new technology is applied compared with common rod pumped wells.
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2015年第3期52-57,共6页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
地热
超导传热
空心抽油杆
清防蜡技术
geothermal heat
heat superconducting
hollow sucker rod
paraffin removing and inhibiting technology
作者简介
曹阳．工程师．2005年毕业于大庆石油学院石油工程专业．主要从事采油工程方案设计及技术研究工作。E—mail：panyongmei@petrochina．com．cn
