摘要
[目的]通过对非洲菊F1代观赏性状的统计分析,总结性状分离特点,为其杂交育种中的亲本选择和杂交配组提供依据。[方法]以12个非洲菊品种配成12个杂交组合,对各组合后代的花色、花序直径、花盘直径、瓣性、花序姿态、花葶长和花葶直径7个主要观赏性状进行统计和分析。[结果]F1代花色发生广泛分离,紫红色的遗传力大于红色,红色的遗传力高于橙色;黄色具有偏母性遗传特性,而橙色、红色、紫红色和白色未表现出明显的偏母性遗传特性;以白色为母本时,复色出现频率明显高于其他组合。在瓣性上,半重瓣的遗传力高于单瓣和重瓣。在花序姿态上,平展的遗传力高于下翻和上翘的。F1代的花序直径和花葶长与双亲相比表现出一定程度的衰退,后代总平均花序直径和花葶长分别是中亲值的98.4%和82.1%;F1代的花盘径/花序径值与亲本相比明显变大,各组合总平均花盘径/花序径是中亲值的136.3%;F1代的花葶直径变化不明显,总平均花葶直径是中亲值的100.4%。[结论]12个非洲菊杂交组合F1代性状分离广泛,变异系数较高,出现大量超亲个体,为非洲菊杂交育种的亲本选配提供了数据参考。
[Objectives]Some statistical analyses were made on 7 ornamental traits in hybrids of gerbera to summarize a few genetic laws for parent selection and cross combination in breeding.[Methods]Twelve hybridized combinations were made with 12 gerbera varieties.Then ornamental characteristics of hybrids,flower color,flower diameter,disc diameter,floret type,flower posture,peduncle length and peduncle diameter were statistically analyzed.[Results]Colors were widely separated in F1 generation.The heritability of purple red was higher than that of red,and that of red was greater than that of orange.Yellow exhibited matroclinal inheritance but not orange,red,purple red or white.The frequency of bicolor in hybrids was significantly higher in the combination with white female parent.The heritability of semi-double was stronger than that of single or double,and same level shape was stronger than below or above in flower form.The flower diameter and peduncle length of F1 generation were both depressed to a certain extent.The mean flower diameter and peduncle length of F1 hybrids were 98.4% and 82.1% of that of parents respectively.The disc diameter / flower diameter of hybrids was larger than the mean value of their parents obviously.The mean ratio of F1 was 136.3% of that of parents.The peduncle diameter of hybrids was similar to the mean value of that of parents and the mean peduncle diameter of F1 was 100.4% of that of parents.[Conclusions]Seven major traits of gerbera were widely separated in F1 hybrids,a large number of transgressive plants still exhibited because of high coefficient of variation,and these genetic laws were extremely significant to parent selection.
出处
《南京农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第2期226-232,共7页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(L0201300245)
苏北科技专项资金(BN2012050)
关键词
非洲菊
杂交
观赏性状
遗传
gerbera
hybridization
ornamental characteristic
heredity
作者简介
董雪娜，硕士研究生。
通信作者：房伟民，教授，从事观赏植物遗传育种与栽培研究，E-mail：fangwm@njau．edu．cn。
