摘要
登革热是一种由蚊虫传播的热带疾病,病情严重者会导致死亡。依据台湾卫生福利部疾病管制署报告,2014年台湾地区共累计15 765登革热病例,境外移入病例感染来源分别来自印度尼西亚、马来西亚、菲律宾、新加坡、泰国、诺鲁、缅甸、柬埔寨、法属玻里尼西亚、沙特阿拉伯、印度、中国大陆及吐瓦鲁。台湾地区自1945年至1980年并无登革热报告病例,1981年在屏东县硫球村发生登革热流行,1987年左本岛屏东县东港村发生流行病例,1988在南部地区发生大流行。卫生及环保部门推动全面性登革热防治,除各级政府部门外也推动民间社团、小区等进行病媒蚊孳生源清除,发生疫情的居家及工作场所周围50 m内立即喷洒杀虫剂灭蚊,1989年即有效遏制登革热,至2001年止,平均年病例都维持在300例以下,得到相当成功的控制。但2002年又在台湾南部地区大流行,当年病例超过5 000例。究其原因是埃及伊蚊对杀虫剂有了高度的抗药性,对氯菊酯抗药性高达300倍以上,虽然一再喷洒杀虫剂也无法控制带病毒的病媒蚊,造成后续的防治困难,因此拟就埃及伊蚊及白纹伊蚊的抗药性发展及病媒蚊综合防治进行了探讨。
Dengue fever is an infectious tropical disease spread by mosquitoes; the disease possibly develops into the life-threatening hemorrhagic dengue fever. According to Taiwan Center for Disease Control of the Ministry of Health and Welfare reported 15 765 cases of dengue in Taiwan in 2014. The sources of imported cases were from Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Cambodia, Myanmar, Nauru, French Polynesia, Saudi Arabia, India, Tuvalu and China's Mainland. There were no reported cases of dengue fever from 1945 to 1980 in Taiwan. There was a severe outbreak of dengue epidemics in Tong-Kung, Pingtung County, ever since the pandemics epidemics occurred in the southern region. Health and the environmental sector promoted comprehensive dengue fever control, also promoted pre- ventive measures such as civil community for dengue vectors breeding source reduction and taking precautions against mosquito bites. Whenever the confirmed dengue cases reported ,the insecticides spraying would be executed around pa- tient＇ s house and the work places within 50 meters. We had effective curbed dengue fever in 1959 - 2001 the annual- ly cases reduced to less than 300. Unfortunately another dengue outbreak in the southern region ,the cases number was more than 6 000 cases in 2002. The conclusion of the control failure was due to the high degree of insecticides resist- ance in Aedes aegypti. There was an example of the permethrin resistant up to 300 times in Ae. aegypti. No matter how many repeated spraying with insecticides could not stop the dengue fever spread. This will discuss insecticides resistance situation of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus and the development of integrated vector control.
出处
《中华卫生杀虫药械》
CAS
2015年第1期1-6,共6页
Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments
关键词
登革热
病媒蚊
抗药性
dengue fever
mosquito
insecticide resistance
