摘要
为了高速列车车轴制造的国产化，试验研究25CrMo钢高速车轴坯机械性能的影响因素。结果表明：25CrMo钢高速车轴坯的成分和洁净度应符合EN 13261-2009标准对EA4T钢的要求，且合金元素含量偏中上线较好；轴坯要保证具有足够的锻造比；经适当的正火、淬火和回火热处理工艺，可保证得到的轴坯常规力学性能和疲劳性能满足车速200~250km·h-1高速列车车轴的要求，且具有优异的缺口疲劳性能，经热处理工艺获得的材料最优疲劳缺口敏感系数为0．16，远低于EN13261-2009标准最大的允许值0．63；当25CrMo钢成品轴坯的晶粒尺寸控制在8级以上、且在轴坯最大直径1／2半径处的组织为贝氏体和回火马氏体复相组织时，其具有最佳性能。
In order to localize the manufacture of high speed train axle, the influencing factors on the me- chanical properties of 25CrMo steel axle billet were experimentally studied. The results show that the com- position and cleanliness of 25CrMo steel billet should meet the requirements of EN 13261-2009 standard for EA4T steel and the percentage of alloy elements should be in higher or medium level. Enough forging ratio of axle billet is necessary. A further appropriate heat treatment process with normalizing, quenching and tempering can ensure that the conventional mechanical properties and fatigue properties of the obtained axle billet satisfy the requirement for high speed train axle at the speed of 200~ 250 km · h-1. The excellent notch fatigue performance is achieved, and the optimal fatigue notch sensitivity coefficient for the sample through the best heat treatment process is 0. 16, which is far lower than the maximum allowable value 0.63 in EN 13261--2009 standard. When the grain size of the finished 25CrMo steel axle billet is controlled at level 8 or above, and the microstructure is bainite and tempered martensite （dual phase）, the at 1/2 radius of the largest diameter of the axle billet optimal mechanical properties are obtained.
出处
《中国铁道科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期99-104,共6页
China Railway Science
基金
铁道部科技研究开发计划项目(2012J005)
科技部创新方法工作专项项目(2010IM030200)
教育部自主科研计划项目(2010Z06103)
关键词
高速列车
车轴
轴坯
热处理
力学性能
疲劳性能
High speed train
Axle
Axle billet
Heat treatment
Mechanical property
Fatigue property
作者简介
顾家琳（1944-），女，北京人，教授，博士。
