摘要
通过对刀鲚（Coilia nasus）全人工繁殖试验和胚胎发育观察,研究了刀鲚全人工繁殖的特性和其胚胎发育的时序和特点。结果显示,对人工繁养的F1刀鲚亲鱼（2龄）进行模拟自然洄游的培育,采用注射促黄体素释放激素A2（LHRH-A2）对性腺发育良好的亲本进行催产,剂量为：雌鱼30μg/kg,雄鱼减半;在22~24℃条件下,经过18~33.5 h的效应时间,亲本自然交配产卵,催产率为91.7%;获得受精卵25.8万粒,受精率为80.6%,获得22.3万尾的初孵仔鱼,孵化率为86.4%;受精卵透明、浮性、无粘性、球形,卵径为（909.86±24.02）μm,油球大且单个;胚胎发育分为胚盘形成阶段、卵裂阶段、囊胚阶段、原肠期阶段、神经胚阶段、器官形成阶段和出膜阶段7个阶段及30个发育时期,在（23.64±0.36）℃条件下,历时28 h仔鱼出膜;初孵仔鱼全身透明,靠油球浮于水面,全长（2056.37~2074.74）μm,卵黄囊大且近椭圆形,油球呈球形,心跳90~110次/分,肌节48~50对;研究结果对刀鲚资源的保护和规模化全人工繁殖工艺流程的建立具有重要的意义。
Through complete artificial propagation test and embryonic development observation of Coilia nasus, the characteristics of complete artificial propagation, and the morphological and ecological traits at each stage of embryonic development of Coilia nasus were studied. The results show that artificial breeding Fl Coilia nasus broodstoek （two-year-old） was cultured by the simulated natural migration method; Excellent individuals were selected from the sexually mature broodstoeks as parent fishes and induced by injected [ D- Ala6-Pro9-Net ] -LHRH -a, and the treatment dosages are： 30 Ixg per Kg for females and half of doses for males; at 22 - 24 ℃, the broodstock naturally copulated and spawned after 18 - 33. 5 h following the hormonal treatment, the inducing rate was 91. 7% ; 2. 58 × 105 fertilized eggs were obtained, and the fertilization rate was 80.6% ; 2.23×105 yolk-sac larvae were hatched, and the hatching rate was 86.4%. The fertilized eggs were transparent, buoyancy, cohesionless, and spherical in shape with a diameter of （909.86 ±24.02）Ixm. The egg had one big oil-ball. According to morphological characteristics, the process of embryo development could be categorized into 7 physiological stages with 30 periods： the blastoderm form stage, the cleavage stage, the blastula stage, the gastrula stage, the neural stage, the organogenesis stage, and the hatching stage. The embryo development lasted for 28 h at the water temperature （23.64±0.36） ℃. The newly hatched larvae were transparent and floated on the surface of the water by the oil ball, and the total length was 2 056.37 - 2 074.74 μm. The yolk sac was nearly elliptic, and the oil ball was spherical. The heart rate was 90 - 110 per minute, and the muscle section was 48 - 50 pairs. This study is important in the protection of resources and artificial breeding of Coilia nasus.
出处
《上海海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第1期36-43,共8页
Journal of Shanghai Ocean University
基金
上海市科技兴农种业项目[沪农科种字(2014)第4号]
上海市科学技术委员会重点科技攻关项目(11391901300)
科技部与上海市共同推进重大任务科研专项(12DZ1909302)
上海长江口主要经济水生动物人工繁育工程技术研究中心(13DZ2251800)
作者简介
施永海（1975-），男，高级工程师，研究方向为水产养殖、水环境监测及繁殖生物学。E-mail：yonghais@163．com
