摘要
目的研究情绪调控在预测创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状中的性别差异。方法本研究利用认知情绪调控问卷调查了265名大学生的积极评估与沉思默想两种策略与PTSD症状之间的关系,分析了情绪调控策略与PTSD症状之间的性别差异,并利用相关及多元回归分析了生活应激经历与情绪调控策略对PTSD症状的影响。结果女生比男生会更多地采用积极评估策略来应对应激（t=-1.91,P=0.058）,并且积极评估策略与女生的PTSD症状之间存在显著的负相关（回避：r=-0.26,P〈0.01;记忆闯入：r=-0.19,P〈0.01;高唤醒：r=-0.19,P〈0.01）。但积极评估与PTSD症状的关系存在显著的性别差异,积极评估策略的使用与男生的PTSD症状之间存在显著的正相关（记忆闯入：r=0.28,P〈0.05;高唤醒：r=0.26,P〈0.05）。沉思默想与PTSD症状之间的关系并不存在男女差异,无论对于男女,沉思默想与PTSD症状之间均存在显著的正相关（r=0.37~0.46,P〈0.01）。研究还发现,情绪调控比生活应激经历本身更能决定PTSD症状的严重性。结论应激后陷入沉思默想不但会对个体的心理健康带来不良影响,还可能会破坏男性利用积极评估策略应对应激的能力。
Objective To investigate the gender difference in the relationships of emotion regulation and PTSD symptoms. Methods In a general population sample of 60 males and 205 females,data were obtained on symptoms of PTSD and the use of two cognitive emotion regulation strategies（ positive reappraisal and rumination）. We examined differences between men and women in emotion regulation strategies and the relationships between these strategies and PTSD. Results Marginal significant differences were found in the positive reappraisal： women were more likely than men to report using positive reappraisal strategies（ t =-1. 91,P = 0. 58）. However,no difference was found in the use of rumination. In both groups,higher extents of reporting rumination were strongly related to higher PTSD symptoms（ r = 0. 37 ~ 0. 46,P 0. 01）. Whereas,the relationships of positive reappraisal and PTSD symptoms were different between gender. Higher extents of using positive reappraisal were related to lower PTSD scores in females（ avoidance： r =-0. 26,P 0. 01; intrusion： r =-0. 19,P 0. 01; hyperarousal： r =-0. 19,P 0. 01）. On the contrary,positive reappraisal was positively related with PTSD symptoms in males（ intrusion： r = 0. 28,P 0. 05; hyperarousal： r = 0. 26,P 0. 05）. Conclusion Rumination not only has adverse impact on mental health,but also can ruin the positive effects of reappraisal.
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
2014年第12期1798-1801,共4页
China Journal of Health Psychology
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金(编号:13YJC190001)
关键词
情绪调控
回避
记忆闯入
高唤醒
Cognitive emotion regulation
Avoidance
Intrusion
Hyperarousal
