摘要
由于我国海底地理实体命名工作起步晚,实践基础薄弱,翻译和编写的海底命名规范中的有个别通名术语定义存在争议,本文结合国内权威地质辞典和相关标准进行探讨,得出以下结论:1 Shoal是顶部覆盖松散沉积物的暗礁,会对船只航行构成威胁,建议翻译为"暗沙"。Bank是表面相对平坦的海底高地,不对船只航行构成威胁,建议翻译为"滩"或"浅滩"。2建议参考国际海底命名委员会(SCUFN)颁布的《海底地名标准化》(Standardization of undersea feature names,又称B6文件)(IHO and IOC,2008.),以1000m高差作为海山和海丘的分界,并且不对Hill(Abyssal hill)和Knoll作进一步区分,均称为海丘。3现有辞典对Canyon和Sea valley(Submarine valley)的翻译和定义可以沿用:Canyon译为海底峡谷,Sea valley(Submarine valley)译为海(底)谷,两者主要的区别在于横切面形态,而与规模无关。建议将Sea channel(Submarine channel)译为"海底水道",不仅与当前学术界的主流译法一致,而且易于与海底峡谷和海底谷区分。4 Plateau译为海底高原和海台均可,且两者并没有地貌等级差别,建议《海底地名命名》作相应修正。
There are some controversy about some undersea feature terms in China for our government take park in naming undersea feature late and lack of practical experience.We discuss about these terms by comparing some authoritative geological dictionaries and standards from both home and abroad,finally we get the following conclusions：①）Shoal （＂ An sha＂）is an isolated （or group of） offshore hazard （s） to surface navigation with substantially less clearance than the surrounding area and composed of unconsolidated material.Bank （＂ Tan＂ or ＂Qiantan＂） is an isolated （or group of） elevation（s） of the sea floor,over which the depth of water is relatively shallow,but sufficient for safe surface navigation.② Most of the authoritative geology dictionary and standards definite relief of ＂Seamount＂ must be greater than 1000m,but there are still a lot of controversy about definition of ＂Hill＂ and ＂ Knoll＂,SCUFN making no distinctions of each other.③ The main differences of ＂ Canyon＂ （Haidixiagu） and ＂Valley＂（Haidigu） is the shape of cross-sections,not magnitude.Different geology dictionary has different translation for the term of ＂Seachannel＂.Recent years,most of the academic papers translates it to ＂Haidishuidao＂.It is more easy to separete it from ＂ Haidixiagu ＂ and ＂ Haidigu ＂.④ ＂ Haitai ＂ and ＂Haidigaoyuan＂ are often used as the translation for ＂Plateau＂,and there is no any difference between them.
出处
《地质论评》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期962-970,共9页
Geological Review
基金
国土资源部海底矿产重点实验室开放基金资助项目(编号KLMMR-2013-A-07和KLMMR-2013-A-15)的成果
关键词
海底地理实体
术语
译法
定义
undersea feature
term translation
term definition
作者简介
黄文星,男,1985年生,工程师.主要从事构造地貌研究.通讯地址：510760,广东省广州市黄埔区广海路188号广州海洋地质调查局大院121号楼;Email：jackyhwxing@163.com.
