摘要
针对目前石煤钒矿焙烧效果差,全湿法工艺流程缺陷多等问题,以湖南某地石煤钒矿为研究对象,在前期对含钒石煤矿进行浓酸熟化浸出研究的基础上,采用保湿处理对石煤钒矿浓酸熟化浸出过程进行强化,重点考察了熟化时间、硫酸用量、熟化温度、拌水量工艺参数对钒浸出率的影响,同时对石煤中含钒物相在熟化过程中变化进行了研究。试验结果表明:熟化过程中控制相对湿度在65%左右进行保湿处理,在熟化时间8.5 h、硫酸用量20%、熟化温度120℃、拌水量10%的最佳熟化条件下,钒浸出率达到93.9%;而在相同酸用量、熟化温度和拌水量的条件下,采用常规浓酸熟化法熟化5.5 h,钒浸出率只有78.0%。保湿处理极大提高了石煤钒矿浓酸熟化浸出工艺的钒浸出率,起到了显著地强化作用。由含钒物相分析可知,在熟化过程中含钒云母物相被有效破坏,水浸过程中云母结构没有继续分解,只是可溶钒的溶出过程。本实验采用保湿浓酸熟化浸出技术,避免了高耗能、高污染的焙烧过程,提钒效率高,是一种经济环保的石煤提钒新工艺,具有良好的工业应用前景。
In order to enhance acid curing process,the moisture retention treatment was adopted in vanadium extraction from stone coal in Hunan province as raw materials,which overcame the shortages of poor roasting effect of stone coal and more defects existing in stone coal decomposition with sulfuric acid solution. The influences of process parameters,such as,curing time,dosage of sulfuric acid,curing temperature,and water addition,on the leaching rate were mainly studied. Furthermore,vanadium phase transformation of stone coal in curing process was analyzed. The results showed that the optimal conditions of acid curing were as follows： curing time of 8. 5 h,dosage of sulfuric acid 20%（ mass fraction）,curing temperature of 120 ℃,water addition of 10%. Under the best condition,the leaching rate of vanadium could be up to 93. 9%,while the moisture of acid curing process was controlled in about 65%.However,when the stone coal was leached with the same dosage of sulfuric acid,curing temperature and water addition,the leaching rate of vanadium was only 78. 0% by routine acid curing. The acid curing process of vanadium extraction from stone coal was promoted significantly and the leaching rate of vanadium could be improved greatly by moisture retention treatment,which enhanced the diffusion of concentrated sulfuric acid and reaction system. From vanadium phase transformation analysis of stone coal,it could be concluded that micas mineral was destroyed effectively just in acid curing process and it was only dissolution process of dissoluble vanadium in leaching process with water. In this study,the moisture retention treatment was adopted in acid curing process to avoid high energy consumption and high pollution in the roasting process,and the technology was an economic,environment-friendly and high efficient new process of vanadium extraction,so it had a good application prospect.
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期880-886,共7页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
国家科技部"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAB07B04)资助
关键词
石煤
钒
浓酸熟化
保湿
浸出率
stone coal
vanadium
acid curing
moisture retention
leaching rate
作者简介
万洪强（1984-），江西南昌人，硕士研究生，工程师，研究方向：有色金属湿法冶金，E—mail：wanhq4321@163．com；
通讯作者：宁顺明，教授级高级工程师，E-mail：ningsm1398@126．com
