摘要
目的：通过对冠心病患者进行围术期护理，了解冠心病患者围术期护理需求，分析不同患者对护理需求的倾向，提升护理水平。方法本研究共分2个阶段完成，第1阶段采用自行设计手术护理需求调查问卷对148例患者进行调查，收集患者的护理需求，第2阶段针对筛选的护理需求对64例患者进行护理干预和效果评价。结果在148例冠心病患者术前护理需求中，年龄与健康教育护理需求、生活护理需求、心理焦虑护理需求、休息与睡眠护理需求、排泄护理需求相关（r＝0．476～0．745，P＜0.05）；经济状况与健康教育护理需求、生活护理需求、安全护理需求、心理焦虑护理需求相关（ r＝0．539～0．735，P＜0．05）；教育程度与健康教育护理需求、生活护理需求、安全护理需求、住院时间和住院费用护理需求、休息与睡眠护理需求相关（P＜0．05），病情严重程度与手术操作、手术并发症、术后治疗、病床舒适程度护理需求及心理焦虑护理需求、休息与睡眠护理需求、排泄护理需求、疼痛护理需求相关（ P＜0.05）。术中护理需求中，年龄与麻醉护理、语言安慰、皮肤触摸护理需求相关（ r值分别为0．783，0．754，0．734；P＜0.05），经济状况与器械准备护理需求相关（r＝0．674，P＜0．05），教育程度与背景音乐、语言安慰护理需求相关（r值分别为0．649，0．689；P＜0．05），病情严重程度与麻醉护理需求相关（r＝0．693，P＜0．05）。术后护理需求中，年龄与卫生护理需求、睡眠护理需求、健康教育护理需求相关（ r 值分别为0．683，0.876，0．776，P＜0．05），经济状况与健康教育护理需求相关（r＝0．678，P＜0．05），教育程度与口腔护理需求相关（r＝0．769，P＜0．05），病情严重程度与健康教育、饮食护理需求相关（r值分别为0．656，0．598；P＜0．05）。干预组患者满意度（97．3±5．3）分，对照组患者满意度（88．9±8．7）分，两组比较差异有统计学意义（ t＝25．562，P＜0．01）。结论根据不同围术期患者的一般情况，明确患者对护理需求的倾向，从而提出个体化治疗方案，进一步开展有针对性的护理服务，利于提升护理水平和质量。
Objective To understand the demand of the perioperative nursing in patients with coronary heart disease , and analyze the tendency of nursing demand in different patients to improve the level of nursing . Methods The study was divided into two stages , and 148 patients were surveyed by the self-designed questionnaire on the demand of the operative nursing , and the data were collected and analyzed at the first stage;64 patients were chosen and received the nursing intervention according to the nursing demand screened , and the clinical effect was evaluated at the second stage .Results The age was correlated to the nursing demand including the health education nursing , live nursing , psychological nursing , rest and sleep nursing , excretion nursing in 148 patients before the operation （r=0.476-0.745, P〈0.05）; the economic status was related to the nursing demand including the health education nursing , live nursing, safe nursing, psychological nursing （r=0.539-0.735, P〈0.05）; the education was correlative with the nursing demand including the health education nursing, live nursing, safe nursing, the time and cost of hospitalization nursing , rest and sleep nursing （P 〈0.05）; the severity of disease was associated with the operation , complication, postoperative treatment and comfortable degree of bed , psychological nursing , rest and sleep nursing , excretion nursing and pain nursing （P〈0.05）.The age was correlated to the nursing demand including the anesthesia nursing , the language of comfort nursing , the skin touch nursing （ r=0.783,0.754,0.734, respectively;P〈0.05） during the operation;the economic status was related to the nursing demand of equipment preparation （ r=0.674,P〈0.05）;the education was correlative with the nursing demand including background music and language comfort （r=0.649,0.689, respectively;P〈0.05）;the severity of disease was associated with the nursing demand of＆amp;nbsp;anesthesia （r=0.693,P〈0.05）.The age was correlated to the nursing demand including the hygiene nursing , sleep nursing, health education nursing after the operation （r=0.683,0.876,0.776, respectively;P〈0.05）;the economic status was related to the nursing demand of health education nursing （r=0.678,P〈0.05）; the education was correlative with the nursing demand of oral nursing （r=0.769,P〈0.05）;the severity of disease was associated with the nursing demand including the health education nursing , diet nursing （r=0.656,0.598, respectively;P〈0.05）.The satisfaction was （97.3 ±5.3） in the intervention group, and was （88.9 ±8.7） in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant （t=25.562,P〈0.01）.Conclusions The individualized treatment plan is made to confirm the nursing demand according to the general condition of different patients during the perioperative period , and the targeted nursing service is further carried out so as to improve the level and quality of nursing .
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2014年第23期2946-2949,共4页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
关键词
冠心病
需求估价
围术期护理
Coronary heart disease
Needs assessment
Perioperative nursing
作者简介
通信作者：邱振兰，Email：sujianzeng@126．com
