摘要
目的了解外科手术后医院感染病原菌的特点及病原菌的耐药情况,为临床合理选用抗菌药物提供依据。方法收集4 286份外科手术患者的送检标本进行细菌培养,对分离出的病原菌采用BD Phoenix-100 system全自动微生物分析仪进行细菌鉴定及药物敏感试验,同时采用K-B法进行体外药物敏感试验。结果共检出病原菌986株,其中铜绿假单胞菌最为常见(159株,16.13%);其次为大肠埃希菌(138株,14.00%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(138株,14.00%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(132株,13.39%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(108株,10.95%)和阴沟肠杆菌(64株,6.49%);常见致病菌对氨苄西林、头孢唑林、氯霉素等呈现高耐药现象,耐药率达80.0%以上;耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌检出率为54.6%。金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺及奎奴普丁耐药率较低,均为0.0%。结论预防性应用抗菌药物应掌握好时机及用量,术后应尽快停用,根据药物敏感试验结果调整药物以防止耐药菌株的产生与扩散。
Objective To investigate the characteristics and drug resistances of nosocomial infection pathogenic bacteria in surgical patients in order to provide references for clinical rational use of antibiotic. Methods Four thousand two hundred and eighty-six samples of surgical patients were collected and the bacterial culture of them was performed. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were perfoimed by an automatic system of PHOENIX-100 produced by BD company in the United States, and drug sensitivity test in vitro was performed using Kirby-Bauer method. Results Nine hundred and eighty-six strains of bacteria were identified,of which Pseudomonas aeruginosa（ 159 strains, 16.13% ） was the commonest, followed by Escherichia coli （ 138 strains, 14.00% ） , Klebsiella pneumonia （ 138 strains, 14.00% ）, Acinetobacter baumannii（ 132 strains, l 3.39 % ）, Staphylococcus aureus （ 108 strains, 10.95 % ） and Enterobacter cloacae （ 64 strains, 6.49 % ）. Common pathogenic bacteria were high resistant to ampicillin, cefazolin and chloramphenicol, whose resistance rates were up to 80. 0%. The identification rate of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA） was 54.6%. Staphylococcu~ aureus was still susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid and quinupristin, whose drug resistance rates were 0.0%. Conclusion The time and dosage should be well grasp for preventive use of antibacterial drugs, and discontinuing medication should be given as soon as possible after surgery and adjusting drugs to prevent the formation and the spread of drug-resistant strains according to the result of antimicrobial susceptibility test.
出处
《新乡医学院学报》
CAS
2014年第9期740-742,共3页
Journal of Xinxiang Medical University
关键词
外科手术
医院感染
抗菌药物
耐药菌株
surgical operation
nosocomial infection
antimicrobial agents
drug resistant strains
作者简介
作者简介：李冰（1966-），男，山东青岛人，学士，主管技师，主要从事临床检验学研究。
