摘要
目的:调查医务人员血液性传染病职业暴露、认知状态和心理状态,并进行相关的心理干预。方法:选择2013年5月-2016年4月本院发生过血源性传染病职业暴露的医务人员90例,分析医务人员发生职业暴露的部位、医疗器械、科室、环节、认知和心理状态,并使用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对90例医务人员进行心理干预效果评价。结果:90例发生血源性传染病职业暴露的医务人员中,暴露的部位是手指48例、手心15例、手背12例、眼部5例等;暴露的医疗器械是45.56%输液器针头、23.33%注射器针头等;暴露的科室主要是内科30例(33.34%)、外科25例(27.78%),以及传染科16例(17.78%);发生暴露的环节主要是进针和拔针、拔针帽,分别为40例、23例;暴露后的认知、心理状态为15例不在意,38例担忧,19例焦虑,12例恐惧,7例回避。心理干预前90例医务人员职业暴露的SCL-90评分(15.35±3.03);心理干预后SCL-90评分为(5.04±1.26),明显小于干预前,差异有统计学意义(t=10.427,P<0.05)。结论:医务人员在发生血源性传染病职业暴露后,认知状态和心理状态都会出现不同程度的下降,但以稳定心态、纠正认知为主的心理干预措施后,能够有效改善医务人员的负面情绪,促进其及时治疗。
Objective:To investigate the cognitive state and psychological state of medical personnel about occupational exposure to blood transmissible disease,and to conduct related psychological intervention.Methods:A total of90 cases of medical personnel who experienced occupational exposure to blood transmission disease in our hospital since May 2013 to April 2016 were selected.Analysis was conducted on these medical personnel for body part,medical devices,department,link,cognitive and psychological state of occupational exposure.SCL-90 was adopted to evaluate the effects of psychological intervention over 90 cases of medical personnel.Results:Among 90 cases of medical personnel who experienced occupational exposure to blood transmission disease,there were 48 cases of exposed fingers,15 cases of exposed palm,12 cases of exposed opisthenar and 5 cases of exposed eyes.Among exposed medical devices,there were 45.56% of infusion needle and 23.33% of syringe needle,etc.The exposed departments were30 cases of internal medicine(33.34%),25 cases of department of surgery(27.78%)and 16 cases of department of infectious diseases(17.78%).The exposed links were 40 cases of inserting and withdrawing needle and 23 cases of taking down cap.As for cognitive state and psychological state after exposure,there were 90 cases of carelessness,15 cases of worry,19 cases of anxiety,12 cases of fear and 7 cases of avoidance.Before psychological intervention,the SCL-90 score for occupation exposure of 90 cases of medical personnel was(15.35±3.03),while that after psychological intervention was(5.04±1.26),which was obviously less than that before intervention,having statistical significance(t=10.427,P<0.05).Conclusion:Medical staff in the event of blood-borne infectious diseases after occupational exposure,cognitive and psychological state will appear different degrees of decline,but predominantly stable mentality,correcting cognitive psychological intervention measures,can effectively improve the medical staff of the negative emotions,promote the timely treatment.
作者
王兴容
赵川
杨彩萍
WANG Xingrong;ZHAO Chuan;YANG Caiping(Department of Infectious Disease,Suining Central Hospital in Sichuan Province,Suining 629000,China)
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
2019年第1期145-149,共5页
China Journal of Health Psychology
关键词
血源性传染病职业暴露
医务人员
认知状态
心理状态
心理干预
Occupational exposure to blood transmission disease
Medical personnel
Cognitive state
Psychological state
Psychological intervention
