摘要
先秦儒家经典及原始儒家代表人物对"巧""拙"两者并没有表现出明显的偏好,但宋代理学鼻祖周敦颐却提出了"巧贼拙德"命题。受其影响,"尚拙"之使用范围扩大,原本"尚巧"的技艺、技巧等文化层面也开始"尚拙"。"巧贼拙德"命题经过后来理学家的递相传承、补充及多方阐释,逐渐凝聚成为中国文化传统的重要因子,并在理学、文学、书法、绘画、雕塑等诸艺术形态反映出来。对"巧"与"贼"、"拙"与"德"这两组概念的语义关联进程进行考察,可以见出中国传统文化在政治伦理、道德伦理,以及在技艺、技巧精神追求的发展走向。这一研究,有助于我们深入探讨中国文化的若干理论范畴及其品格属性,亦对当下诸艺术门类的自觉审美追求具有一定指导作用。
The Confucian classics in pre-Qin period and the original Confucianists were not particularly biased towards these two concepts—"cleverness"and"simplicity".The proposition that"cleverness is a vile and simplicity a virtue"was brought about by the originator of Neo-Confucianism of Song Dynasties—Zhou Dunyi.The usage of"simplicity"was thence expanded.Some ancient artistries and other cultural elements also turned to seek"simplicity"rather than"cleverness".Thus Song Dynasties have seen a striking change of traditional Chinese esthetics.The proposition had been passed,added and interpreted among Neo-Confucian scholars of later generations and then gradually became an important factor of transitional Chinese culture.It was also reflected through different forms of art such as neo-Confucianism,literature,calligraphy,painting and sculpture,etc.By looking into the progress of the semantic relevance of"cleverness"and"simplicity""vile"and"virtue".We can draw the development course of traditional Chinese culture in terms of politic principles,morale,and the pursuit of artistry.This research can not only contribute to in-depth discussions on several theoretical domains of Chinese culture and its traits,but also be of use to spontaneous esthetic pursuits of various kinds of art in the contemporary world.
作者
王培友
WANG Pei-you(The College of Humanities ,Beijing Language and Culture University ,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《齐鲁学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第6期106-112,共7页
Qilu Journal
基金
国家社科基金项目"两宋理学诗研究"(项目号13BZW O65)
关键词
宋代
理学
巧贼拙德
价值属性
Song Dynasties
Neo-Confucianism
"cleverness is a vile and clumsiness a virtue"
value
作者简介
王培友,男,文学博士,北京语言大学人文学院教授.
