摘要
目的研究2012-2017年石家庄地区学龄前儿童病毒性腹泻多病原流行特征,为石家庄地区学龄前儿童病毒性腹泻防治提供依据。方法收集石家庄地区2012-2017年收治病毒性腹泻学龄前儿童患者1 250例的临床资料。应用real-time PCR和PCR法检测诺如病毒、星状病毒、札如病毒和肠道腺病毒核酸,应用ELISA法检测轮状病毒抗原。结果学龄前儿童患者1 250例中,男性患儿656例,占52.48%,女性患儿594例,占47.52%。检出阳性患儿623例,占49.84%,男性337例,阳性率51.37%,女性286例,阳性率48.15%。检出诺如病毒239株,其中GⅠ型42株,占17.57%,GⅡ型197株,占82.43%;轮状病毒229株,星状病毒59株,札如病毒60株和肠道腺病毒36株。全部为单一病毒感染,未发现两种及以上病毒感染。2012-2017年中各年份检出病毒分别为142、98、93、112、107和71株。0～月、7～月、13～月、18～月、25～月、30～月、36～月患儿阳性率分别为50.84%(121/238)、62.45%(168/269)、46.55%(81/174)、42.01%(92/219)、34.13%(43/126)、47.66%(51/107)、57.26%(67/117),7～12月患儿阳性率最高。诺如病毒在5～9月发病率低于其他月份,11和12月份分别检出32和35例。轮状病毒的发病高峰则主要集中在10月至次年1月,12月58例,为全年最高,3-9月处于低峰。星状病毒高峰出现在6月,札如病毒高峰出现在8和9月,肠道腺病毒高峰出现在7月。讨论石家庄地区2012-2017年学龄前儿童病毒性腹泻中诺如病毒和轮状病毒检出率较高,应预防诺如病毒和轮状病毒暴发流行。
Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of viral diarrhea among preschoolers in Shijiazhuangfrom 2012 to 2017in order to prevent and treat viral diarrhea among preschoolers in Shijiazhuang.MethodsClinical data on 1250 preschoolers with viral diarrhea in the Shijiazhuang area from 2012-2017 were collected.Nucleic acids of Norovirus,Astrovirus,Sapovirus,and enteric Adenovirus were detected using real-time PCR and PCR,and Rotavirus antigen was detected using ELISA.Results Of the 1,250 preschoolers,656(52.48%)were male and 594(47.52%) were female.Laboratory tests indicated that 623 samples (49.84%)were positive for a virus.Three hundred and thirty-seven males (51.37%) and 286 females (48.15%)were positive.Two hundred and thirty-nine Norovirus strains were detected,42(17.57%)of which were the GI type and 197(82.43%)of which were the GII type.Two hundred and twentynine rotavirus strains,59 Astrovirus strains,60 Sapovirus strains,and 36 enteric Adenovirus strains were detected.Two or more viral infections were not detected in the study.One hundred and forty-two strains of enterovirus were detected in 2012,98 strains were detected in 2013,93 strains were detected in 2014,112 strains were detected in 2015,107 strains were detected in 2016,and 71 strains were detected in 2017.A virus was detected in 50.84%(121/238)of infants 0 months of age,in 62.45%(168/269)of infants 7 months of age,in 46.55%(81/174)of infants 13 months of age,in 42.01%(92/219)of infants 18 months of age,in 34.13%(43/126)of infants 25months of age,in 47.66%(51/107)of infants 30 months of age,and in 57.26%(67/117)of infants 36 months of age.A virus was detected most often in infants 7-12 months of age.Norovirus incidence was lower in May to September than in other months of the year.Thirtytwo cases were detected in November and 35 were detected in December which was highest,while only 11 were detected inJune.The incidence of rotavirus mainly peaked from October to January of the following year;58 cases were detected in December (the highest the whole year),and the number hit a trough from March to September.Astrovirus peaked in June,Sapovirus peaked in August and September,and enteric Adenovirus peaked in July.Conclusion Surveillance results in the Shijiazhuang area from 2012 to 2017indicated that norovirus and rotavirus were detected at a high rate in preschoolers with viral diarrhea.Norovirus and rotavirus outbreaks should be prevented.
作者
程思思
董燕
刘桂玲
孙晓
赵倩
CHENG Si-si;DONG Yan;LIU Gui-ling;SUN Xiao;ZHAO Qian(The First Hospital Affiliated withHebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang,China 050031)
出处
《中国病原生物学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第12期1389-1392,1396,共5页
Journal of Pathogen Biology
作者简介
程思思(1981一),女,河北石家庄人,医学硕士,主治医师。研究方向:儿科疾病的诊断与治疗。E-mail:s085855@163.com;通讯作者:赵倩,E-mail:q196203@163.com.
