摘要
目的了解贵州省中学生抑郁状况及其影响因素,为对中学生进行心理危机干预提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,抽取贵州省3个地区的初中和高中学生5 092名,采用自制问卷和中学生抑郁量表进行横断面调查,利用SPSS 17.0进行因子分析和AMOS 21.0构建结构方程模型。结果贵州省中学生抑郁情绪总均分为(2.00±0.77)分,其中一般抑郁情绪、与学业有关的抑郁情绪、与人际关系有关的抑郁情绪3个维度得分分别为(1.91±0.77)(2.27±0.90)(1.86±0.92)分,2232名(43.83%)有抑郁情绪。是否住校、不同宗教信仰、学校所在地、年级、地区及有无学校生命教育、威胁生命事件、生死经历的中学生抑郁情绪得分差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。抑郁情绪与社会欺辱、生死经历均为负相关,总效应分别为0.34,0.20。亲密的家庭氛围和学校生命教育与对抑郁情绪呈正相关,影响作用大小分别为0.30和0.16。结论贵州省中学生抑郁情绪的总体水平较高,抑郁情绪的影响因素中社会欺辱的作用较大。应加强中学生的社会保护,学校需注重生命教育及心理健康教育,父母应重视家庭氛围的亲密性,多与孩子进行心理层面的交流。
Objective To understand prevalence and determinants of depression among middle school students in Guizhou province. Methods By using multi-stage cluster sampling method,5 092 middle school students from three areas in Guizhou province were investigated with depression. Data was analyzed by Amos 21.0 and SPSS 17.0. Results Average total score was( 2.00±0.77),with general depression,academic related depression,interpersonal related depression scored( 1.91±0.77),( 2.27±0.90)and( 1.86±0.92),respectively. A total of 2 232( 43.83%) middle school students reported depression. Boarding,religious belief,school location,grade,living area and life education,life threatening events,life-and-death experience significantly correlated with depression score( P<0.05). AMOS results showed that most powerful determinants for depression was social bullying,with a total effect of 0.34,followed by life-and-death experience( total effect of 0.20). Close-knit family atmosphere and school life education positively correlated with depression,with total effect of 0.30 and 0.16,respectively. Conclusion Depression is prevalent among middle school students in Guizhou province. Social bullying plays a key role in depression development. School-based life education and mental health promotion,as well as close family relationship may be effective in reducing depressive symptoms among middle school students.
作者
汪小斌
汪俊华
陈雄
WANG Xiaobin;WANG Junhua;CHEN Xiorig(School of Public Health,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang(550025),China)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第12期1818-1820,共3页
Chinese Journal of School Health
关键词
抑郁
模型
统计学
精神卫生
学生
Depression
Models,statistical
Mental health
Students
作者简介
汪小斌(1993-),男,贵州习水人,在读硕士,主要研究方向为青少年心理健康;通讯作者:汪俊华,E—mail:740064265@qq.com.
