摘要
森林是陆地生态系统的主要组成部分,而森林退化是全球面临的主要环境问题之一,准确评价退化森林生态系统是进行森林生态系统恢复与重建的重要前提,建立合理的评价指标体系目前已成为生态学研究的热点问题。在研究国内外提出的关于退化森林生态系统评价理论的基础上,综述了森林退化的定义、特征和一般过程,梳理了退化森林生态系统评价指标筛选的一般原则和指标体系构建的主要方法,分析比较了不同学者所提出的主要评价指标。并在此基础上,重新筛选、构建了一套退化森林生态系统评价指标体系,即从生态系统的组成结构、功能和生境这3个方面选取了32个能够较全面反映退化生态系统主要特征的评价指标,以期为构建我国区域尺度上的退化森林生态系统评价指标体系提供参考,为退化森林生态系统的恢复和重建提供科学依据。总结分析了退化森林生态系统评价指标体系在构建过程中产生的一些问题和不足,提出了今后开展研究和探索应该深入的方向,以提高评价指标体系的科学性、准确性和合理性。
Forests are the major components of terrestrial ecosystems, and degradation of forests has become a major environmental problem worldwide. Accurate evaluation of degraded forest ecosystems is the primary prerequisite for forest restoration and reconstruction. Recently, establishment of a rational evaluation index system for degraded forest ecosystems has received much attention. On the basis of numerous studies on degraded forest ecosystems, we reviewed the definition, characteristics, and general processes of forest degradation in this paper. We also summarized the general principles of indicator selection and main methods for establishing the evaluation index system. In addition, we analyzed and compared several types of indicators suggested by previous researchers. On this basis, we re-screened and established an evaluation index system for the assessment of degraded forest ecosystems. We selected 32 key evaluation indicators based on the composition, function, and habitat aspects of the ecosystem, that could synthetically reflect the degraded forest ecosystem. This may provide references for the establishment of an evaluation index system for degraded forest ecosystems at regional and national scales and a scientific basis for the restoration and reconstruction of degraded forest ecosystems in China. Moreover, some limitations during the establishment of the evaluation index system for degraded forest ecosystems were discussed, and the main issues were suggested to improve the scientific accuracy and rationality of the evaluation index system.
作者
徐欢
李美丽
梁海斌
李宗善
伍星
XU Huan;LI Meili;LIANG Haibin;LI Zongshan;WU Xing(Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Bering 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Earth Science and Resources,Chang An University,Xi'an 710064,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第24期9034-9042,共9页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502102)
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项课题(XDA20020402)
中国科学院科技服务网络计划项目(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-036)
关键词
森林生态系统
退化
评价指标体系
forest ecosystem
degradation
evaluation index system
作者简介
通讯作者:伍星.E-mail:xingwu@rcees.ac.cn
