摘要
通过对贵州省瓮马铁路沿线福泉站点边坡草本植被群落结构、群落多样性及相似性的分析,结合边坡物种生态选择原则,探讨该区域可应用于道路边坡防护的乡土草本植物种。结果表明:(1)该区域草本群落整体盖度较高,约为89.45%,植被整体高度波动较大,平均高度约为14cm,草本群落稳定,生长状态优良。(2)草本群落种群分布相对均匀,各样地优势种仅在样地区域有优势,但整体并没有体现出绝对优势。(3)各样地物种组成相似性小,相似系数多接近0.1左右,仅有少量样地为中度相似,说明整个区域物种较多,物种多样性高。在进行边坡生态重建时,应备选多种植物以增加景观融合度,达到近自然状态。(4)根据边坡生态修复原则从此次调查中筛选了6种乡土草种作为铁路边坡绿化优选草种,分别为地毯草、地石榴、狗尾草、狼尾草、狗牙根及多花兰。
By analyzing the structure,diversity and similarities of the herbaceous plant community along the Weng'an-Machangping in Guizhou Province,and following the ecological selection principle of the slope species,the target is to explore the locale grass which can be applied to the road slope protection. The results reveal that:(1)the overall coverage of herbaceous communities in this area is high,which is about 89.45%.The vegetations have a high degree of overall height fluctuation with average height at about 14cm.Herbaceous communities are stable and grow well.(2)The population distribution of herbaceous communities is relatively uniform,and the dominant species in all kinds have advantages only in the sample area.However,they do not show absolute advantage as a whole.(3)The similarity of species diversity in different plots is small,the similarity coefficients are close to 0.1,and only a few plots are moderately similar,indicating that there are many species and high species diversity in the whole area. During the slope ecological reconstruction,a variety of plants should be selected to increase the degree of landscape fusion and achieve a near-natural state.(4)According to the principle of slope ecological restoration,six kinds of native grass species were screened from the survey as the preferred grass species for railway slope landscaping,including Axonopus compressus(Sw.)Beauv.,Ficus tikoua Bur.,Setaria viridis(L.)Beauv.,Pennisetum alopecuroides(L.)Spreng.,Cynodon dactylon(L.)Pers.,Cymbidium floribundum Lindl.
作者
齐宏
程睿
王琴
QI Hong;CHENG Rui;WANG Qin(CCCC Road &Bridge International Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100002,China;Shenzhen Ruyin Ecological Environment Construction Co.Ltd.,Shenzhen 518057,China)
出处
《公路》
北大核心
2018年第12期287-292,共6页
Highway
关键词
道路绿化
群落结构
植被多样性
乡土植物
贵州市
road greening
community structure
vegetation diversity
indigenous plant
Guizhou City
