摘要
探究适宜多砾石砂土地区膜下滴灌玉米高产、高效节水的灌溉制度,针对该地区滴灌玉米缺乏相关灌溉制度的突出问题,采用大田小区对比试验的方法,研究不同灌水定额(300 m3/hm2(W1)、375 m3/hm2(W2)、450m3/hm2(W3)、525 m3/hm2(W4)、600 m3/hm2(W5))对玉米生理指标、产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:提高灌水定额对玉米生理指标有促进作用,能够加速籽粒发育;灌水定额与产量、水分利用效率呈单峰曲线变化,与耗水量呈线性变化。灌水定额大于525 m3/hm2时,对生理指标和产量无显著影响。灌水定额低于450 m3/hm2时,作物生长发育受到抑制,严重影响了产量构成要素,使玉米最终产量受到限制。在W4处理下产量与水分利用效率达到峰值。综合试验分析表明,在多砾石砂土地区选择灌水定额为525 m3/hm2的灌溉制度较适宜。
In order to explore the high yield,high efficiency and water saving irrigation system of drip irrigation maize under mulch and solve the severe problem of lacking of related irrigation system in drip irrigation maize in the area of multiple gravel sandy soil,this paper studies the effect of different irrigation quota( 300 m3/hm2( W1) 、375 m3/hm2( W2) 、450 m3/hm2( W3) 、525 m3/hm2( W4) 、600 m3/hm2( W5)) on physiological index,yield and water use efficiency of maize by means of field plot contrast test. The results showed that increased irrigation quota can promote physiological index of maize and accelerate grain development. Irrigation quota and yield,water use efficiency showed a single peak curve change,and have a linear relationship with water consumption. When irrigation quota was more than 525 m3/hm2,physiological index and yield had no significant influence. When the irrigation norm was less than 450 m3/hm2,the growth and development of crops was inhibited,the yield components were seriously affected,and the final yield of maize was restricted. Under the W4 treatment,the yield and water use efficiency reached the peak. The comprehensive test and analysis showed that the irrigation schedule with irrigation quota of 525 m3/hm2 was more suitable in the multiple gravel sandy soil area.
作者
胡建强
赵经华
马英杰
杨磊
陈凯丽
HU Jianqiang;ZHAO Jinghua;MA Yingjie;YANG Lei;CHEN Kaili(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Aletai Water Resources Management Office,Aletai 836500,China)
出处
《水资源与水工程学报》
CSCD
2018年第5期249-254,共6页
Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅创新项目(XJEDU02017T004)
关键词
灌水定额
膜下滴灌
玉米
生理指标
产量
水分利用效率
irrigation quota
drip irrigation under mulch
maize
physiological index
yield
water use efficiency
作者简介
胡建强(1993-),男,新疆伊犁人,硕士研究生,主要从事灌溉节水理论研究;通讯作者:赵经华(1979-),男,新疆奇台人,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事节水灌溉技术研究及教学工作。
