摘要
英语的used to、马来语的biasa和古汉语的"常"均存在从惯常义到经历义的语义演变,都以环境的相似性为基础,但总体呈现出因语言而异的多样性。本文从基于使用的理论视角出发,考察具体语言的语法语素在具体环境中的使用特点,发现类推和重新分析在这三种语言从惯常义到经历义的语义演变中的作用不尽相同。不同语言已有语法语素的聚合系统也会对演变过程形成制约。演变的结果是,在英语和马来语中惯常义与经历义并存但以惯常义为主,而古汉语中"常"的经历义则被"尝"所覆盖。
The evolution from habitual meaning to experiential meaning exists in English used to, Malay biasa and Ancient Chinese chang( 常). This evolution is based on the similarity relations between environments, however, it presents diversity due to different languages. From the perspective of usage-based theory, this paper examines the characteristics of specific language use in specific contexts. It is found that analogy and reanalysis play different roles in the evolution of the three languages. Besides, the existing paradigm of grammatical morphemes will restrict the process of evolution. The results of going from habitual meaning to experiential meaning are different: the English used to, and the Malay biasa have two uses among which the habituals are dominant, and the experiential use in Ancient Chinese chang( 常) was substituted with chang( 尝).
作者
陈前瑞
杨育欣
CHEN Qianrui;YEO Yuxin(School of Liberal Arts,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)
出处
《外语教学与研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第6期837-849,959,共14页
Foreign Language Teaching and Research
基金
国家社科基金重大课题“功能-类型学取向的汉语语义演变研究”(14ZDB098)的资助.
