摘要
中国东部除松辽白垩系坳陷盆地外,78个凹陷多为单断箕状形式,且为成油的基本单元。由于地壳深部地幔的对流变化断陷有次序地形成,从而导致沉积与生储油的序列性,最终控制了勘探目的层的变化。郯庐断裂系的早期NNW向与晚期NEE向伴生断层对区带具有重大影响。由于古气候条件不同,东部中生界凹陷以煤盆型为主,第三系凹陷以盐盆型为主。中国东部共有215个油气区带,区带的油气富集规律是:(1)具有相似的排烃模式,排烃方向由生油中心向外,故油气区带多位于生油附近并呈环带状分布;(2)箕状凹陷基底结构的变化,控制了生油岩体的形成与分布,制约了油气区带的富集程度;平均丰度以中央隆起带最富,其次为低凸起带、陡坡带、缓坡带,最贫为洼陷带;(3)由于箕状凹陷的构造模式、沉积模式及排烃模式的差异,及其在时间与空间的配套不同,它们形成了不同的复式油气聚集带模式,虽然在一凹陷中有多种油气区带,但储量的绝大部分存在于一或两种区带中;(4)由于区带的不同特点,形成了三大类25亚类油气藏。基于上述规律特定了一整套的勘探技术、方法与策略。
In the eastern of China there are 78 depressed basins, most of them are tilt-block basins, and each of them contains a family of petroleum generation except Songliao Cretaceous sag basin. The depressed basins set up on the order of the older to younger ones depending on the change of the mantle convection. Consequently, the sedimentation and source reservoir are changed to be ordering and the explorational target would be changed accordingly. Tanlu fault system is of great significance in NNW (early) and NEE (lately) accompanying faults for explorational play. The Mesozoic depressions are coalforming and the Tertiary depressions are saliferous mainly. There are 215 plays in the eastern China. The regularity of hydrocarbon accumulation of these plays are: (1) As a result of the Tertiary tilt-block the basins are compaction-flow basins in which their hydrodynamic field, thermodynamic field and buried pressure field are similar. The direction of fluid flow is from generation center of the basin to the formations all around. So the hydrocarbon plays are distributed nearby the generation center in the form of a ring like belt; (2) The richness of hydrocarbon plays are controlled by the formation and distribution of source rock due to structural change of the tiltblock. The richest one is located at the center uplift play and then are the low raised play, steep slope play, gentle-slope play, and the low-lying play is poorer; (3) A variety of the composite hydrocarbon play model are formed due to the difference between steuctural model, sedimentary model, hydrocarbon migration model, as well as the difference in their combination with the time and space of them. Most ofthe recovery reserves set in one or two plays even though there are a number of hydrocarbon plays in a tilt-block basin; (4) There are 3 types and 25 subtypes of petroleum pools formed by the diffelent play types. Therefore, a suit of technology, methodology, and strategy of petroleum exploration have been established according to the above descriptions.
出处
《石油勘探与开发》
SCIE
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第3期1-6,45,共7页
Petroleum Exploration and Development
