摘要
科学技术的迅猛发展,催生了高端装备与产品的不断涌现。然而,这些装备和产品的'高端'很大程度上要依靠一大批高性能的零件/部件/构件/器件(简称高性能零件)来保证。这些高性能零件以透波、密封、减阻、结构弹性和抗疲劳特性等物理性能为主要制造指标,不仅材料特殊,其表面也往往呈现精密复杂曲面、超高精度、跨尺度微纳复合结构或具有功能性表面层等几何特征和加工要求。高性能零件的性能受几何、物理等因素的耦合作用,采用传统工艺进行加工制造十分困难,难以满足该类零件的精密(含超精密)制造要求。从高性能零件的需求和应用出发,提出并阐明高性能零件的特点、分类及各自内涵。针对七类高性能零件,论述相关加工制造技术的研究现状、存在的难点和核心问题,指出可行的解决途径、突破方向和未来的发展趋势,为构造高性能零件加工制造理论、方法和工艺技术体系,解决高性能零件的精密制造难题,提供参考和依据。
With the rapid development of science and technology,high-end equipment and products are constantly merging.However,the high-end performance of these equipment and products mainly depend on the absolute guarantee of a very large number of parts/elements/components/devices （called briefly as high performance parts）.In this case,the performance,such as wave-transparent,seal,drag reduction or structural elasticity,is usually taken as the primary manufacturing goal of this type of high performance parts.Such parts not only use difficult-to-cut materials,their surfaces but also present the characteristics such as complex curved shape,ultra-high precision,micro-nano muiti-scale compound structure and functional coating.Moreover,the primary performance parameters are coupled with the geometric parameters and physical parameters of these parts.As a result,it is rather difficult to achieve such precision （ultra-precision） requirements by using conventional techniques to machine and manufacture these high performance parts.From the point of view of the requirements and applications of high performance parts,the characteristics and its surface classification as well as corresponding connotations of parts are described.Then their research statuses,key issues and related theoretical foundation of four types of surfaces of high performance parts are discussed in detail.Finally,the feasible routes,breakthrough direction and future development trend are also expounded.It provides an effective reference and guidance for the establishment of high performance oriented machining principle,method and process technologies,and therefore it will be helpful for solving the issue of the precision manufacture of high performance parts.
出处
《机械工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第11期119-134,共16页
Journal of Mechanical Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金创新群体(51321004)
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划
2011CB706800)资助项目
关键词
高性能
复杂曲面
可控加工
微纳结构
功能涂层
high performance
complex surface
controllable machining
micro-nano structure
functional coating
作者简介
郭东明（通信作者）,男,1959年出生,教授,博士研究生导师,中国工程院院士.主要研究方向为精密超精密加工与测试、数字化制造工艺技术与装备.E-mail：guodm@dlut.edu.cn
孙玉文,男,1971年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师.主要研究方向为数字化制造与数控加工技术.E-mail：ywsun@dlut.edu.cn
贾振元,男,1963年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师.主要研究方向为微机辅助测试与控制技术、传感器与执行器、数控技术.E-mail：jzyxy@dlut.edu.cn
