摘要
社会心理因素与心血管病病因及其临床表现密切相关。近年来大量资料证实抑郁症、焦虑症、性格因素及人格特征、社会孤立和慢性生活压力 5种主要社会心理因素与心血管病密切相关。流行病学研究恒定地显示，重症抑郁症与心脏事件呈正相关。许多证据表明，焦虑症与人群心血管病发病相关。虽然 A型性格仍被显示与心血管病危险度增加相关，但也有许多研究表明，两者间不相关。研究表明 A型性格中的一种主要成分--敌意更具致病作用。以相对较小的社会关系网为特征的社会孤立与心血管病发病增加相关。此外，已证实慢性生活压力，特别是与工作有关的压力与心血管病密切相关。 社会心理因素引起心血管病的主要病理生理机制是：（ 1）交感神经系统功能亢进；（ 2）触发心肌缺血；（ 3）诱发心律失常；（ 4）刺激血小板功能；和（ 5）破坏血管内皮功能。
Psychosocial factors contribute significantly to the phathogenesis and expressions of cardiovascular disease(CVD). Recent studies have demonstrated that 5 specific psychosocial entities are most relevant:(1)depression,(2)anxiety;(3)personality factors and character traits;(4)social isolation, and (5)chronic life stress. Epidemiological studies consistently demonstrate a significant prospective relationship between the occurrence of major depression and the cardiac events. Increasing evidence now links anxiety disorders to the development of CVD events in general populations. Although type A behavior is continuously found to be positively related with increased risk of CVD, a series of studies have reported no correlation between type A behavior and CVD risk. However, hostility, a major attribute of the type A behavior pattern, is considered to be more pathogenic. Social isolation characterized mainly by a relatively small social network has been shown to be associated with increase in the incidence of CVD over time. Finally, chronic life stress, particularly the work- related stress, proved to be closely related to CVD risk. The pathophysiological mechanisms of psychosocial factors on the pathogenesis of CVD are: (1)excessive sympathetic nervous system activation, (2)triggering of myocardial ischemia; (3)promotion of arrhythmogenesis, (4)stimulation of platelet function, and (5)deterioration of endothelial function.
出处
《中国医学科学院学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第1期73-77,82,共6页
Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae
