摘要
我国环境保护事业经历了行政主导、科技优先二个阶段,现在必须加上生态文明这个新的要素,这是环境保护上层建筑适应经济基础的必然要求。我国环境法权利机制严重不足,环境权立法已具备条件且刻不容缓。我国生态文明立法应重视政策性的"软法"的作用,通过立法后评估推动生态文明建设与其他领域建设在法制上的全面融合。研究指出,首先应重视政策性的"软法"的作用,可通过生态文明职能机制(委员会或促进会等)颁布政策性规范,通过宣传教育手段提高公众的生态文明意识,并通过工青妇等团体共同推动,特别是重视发挥政协的作用;其次是制定专门的《生态文明建设纲要》,并规范政府的行为符合环境保护和生态文明的要求,落实十八大提出的"要把资源消耗、环境损害、生态效益纳入经济社会发展评价体系,建立体现生态文明要求的目标体系、考核办法、奖惩机制";再次是对现行立法的后评估工作要把生态文明的要求作为评价要素,通过立法后评估推动法制上的五位一体融合效果。
Nowadays, environmental protection industry in China that has experienced two stages including the administration, science and technology priority will have to add the new ecological civilization elements. It is the inevitable requirement that environmental protection the superstructure adapts to the economic foundation. There is a serious shortage of our country environmental law rights mechanism, so it is ripe and urgent to improve environment right legislation. We should pay attention to the role of ＂soft law＂ of the policy in the process of ecological civilization legislation in China and promote the comprehensive fusion between ecological civilization construction and other areas in the legal system construction after that. Research indicates that, first of all we should pay attention to the role of ＂ soft law＂ of the policy, through ecological civilization function mechanism （commission or promotion association, etc. ） to enact policy specification, through publicity and education to improve public awareness of ecological civilization, and jointly promote the localities and other groups, especially pay attention to the role of the Chinese people＇s political consultative conference; Second it is to develop the outline of ecological civilization construction, and regulate the behavior of the government in line with the requirements of environmental protection and ecological civilization, to carry out the eighteenth big put forward ＂to the resource consumption and environmental damage, ecological benefit into the evaluation system of economic and social development, meet the requirement of ecological civilization establishment of target system, evaluation methods, rewards and punishment mechanism＂. Third it is to evaluate current legislation after work to the requirement of ecological civilization as the evaluation factors, assessment after push through legislation on the legal system of five fusion effect.
出处
《环境与可持续发展》
2014年第2期72-74,共3页
Environment and Sustainable Development
关键词
生态文明
环境保护
法制
权利
ecological civilization
environmental protection
legal system
rights
作者简介
周珂，中国人民大学法学院教授，中国环境资源法学研究会副会长，北京市法学会环境资源法学研究会会长
