摘要
井口生产出的天然气部分被放空,部分为油气田自用(如回注油田、稠油热采和发电),部分在运输和储存中自用和损耗,但大部分作为商品提供及下游用户。世界天然气的商品率在本世纪初约为80%,由于各国油气工业发展程度不同,其商品率有很大差异。回注率低并注意天然气节约,减少放空和损耗的国家,商品率可达90%以上,而回注率特高和/或不重视天然气利用的国家,商品率则小于50%。我国对常规天然气和致密气缺乏系统的天然气商品率统计,对煤层气产量和利用量的统计也不规范、不合理。为了更正确地反映市场的商品供应量,需从上中游各基层单位做起,认真统计其商品量。在获得系统数据前,建议在对"十三五"规划的研究中采用商品率90%以框算燃气商品量。
Most of wellhead production of natural gas is provided as commodities and used by downstream users, except to be vented or used by the oil-gas field itself for oilfield reinjection, thickened oil hot extraction, and power generation, and used(including loss) during the transportation and storage process. Commodity rate of natural gas worldwide was about 80 % at the beginning of this century. Commodity rate varies among different countries due to different development levels of oil and gas industry. Countries with a low reinjection rate and those focusing on natural gas saving, venting reduction, and wasting reduction, have a commodity rate higher than 90 %; while for countries with a high reinjection rate or those not caring about natural gas utilization, the commodity rate is smaller than 50 %. China is in short of systematic commodity rate statistics for conventional natural gas and tight gas, and statistics for production and utilization of CBM is not standard or reasonable. To betterreflect commodity supply of the market, basis units and organizations from upstream to middle-stream should make strict statistics about their commodity quantity. Before system data is obtained, it is suggested to calculate gas commodity quantity using a 90% commodity rate in the 'Thirteenth Five Years' plan.
出处
《天然气技术与经济》
2014年第1期52-56,79-80,共5页
Natural Gas Technology and Economy
关键词
天然气
煤层气
商品率
回注
放空
损耗
natural gas,CBM,commodity rate,reinjection,venting,loss
作者简介
张杭（1940-），硕士，教授级高级工程师，从事油气勘探开发，油气和能源战略研究工作。E-mail：zhangkang.syky@sinopec.com.
