摘要
目的 了解上海地区细菌耐药性流行趋势。方法 1999年 1月 1日至 12月 31日在上海市 11家医院共分离 1485 5株细菌 ,并排除同一患者的重复菌株 ,按统一方案用Kirby Bauer法进行药敏试验 ,按美国临床实验标准委员会 1999判断标准分析结果。结果 甲氧西林耐药株分别占金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的 6 4%和 77% ,未发现万古霉素耐药株。肠球菌中万古霉素耐药株分别占粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌的 3 .5 %和 1.7%。大肠杆菌对哌拉西林、庆大霉素和氟喹诺酮类耐药株约占 5 0 %或以上。此外 ,克雷伯菌属、肠杆菌属、枸橼酸菌属和不动杆菌属对第三代头孢菌素的耐药率均有显著增高。铜绿假单胞菌对头孢他啶和亚胺培南的耐药率亦已分别增至 2 7%和 2 0 %。结论上海地区细菌耐药性呈上升趋势。
Objective To analyze the surveillance data on bacterial resistance in Shanghai hospitals reported from January 1 to December 31, 1999. Methods Data on bacterial susceptibility testings of 14 855 clinical isolates collected from eleven Shanghai hospitals were performed using Kirby Bauer method and the results were analyzed according to NCCLS (1999). Results Methicillin resistant strains accounted for 64% and 77% of S. aureus and CNS respectively; and no vancomycin resistant strains were found. In Enterococcus spp , vancomycin resistant strains accounted for 3.5% and 1.7% of E.fecalis and E.fecium , respectively. Resistant rates of E.coli against piperacillin, gentamicin and fluoroquinolones were about 50% or higher. Resistant rates of Klebsiella spp, Enterobacter spp, Citrobacter spp and Acinetobacter spp against the third generation cephalosporins have increased markedly. Besides, the resistant rates of P.aeruginosa against ceftazidime and imipenem have increased to 27% and 20% respectively. Conclusion A national strategy on the restrictive and prudent use of antibiotics is urgently needed.
出处
《中华医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第1期17-19,共3页
National Medical Journal of China
关键词
细菌耐药性
监测
抗药性
药敏试验
抗生素
Drug resistance, microbial
Antibiotics
Drug resistance, multiple
