摘要
从油污植物根系分离高效烃降解产表面活性剂菌株，并解析其主要的生理特征与原油的生物修复作用。从原油污染的植物根系土壤中分离、筛选出l株产表面活性剂高的菌株X-2，采用微生物生理分析其代谢特征，薄层层析、FTIR检测生物表面活性剂性质，烃代谢试验与GC-MS解析其石油烃降解特征。结果表明：菌株X-2为杆状，其16SrRNA与BacilluscereusNC740相似性最高为99．7％，菌株能在15～45℃（最适温度为32℃），pH范围为4．5～10．0（最适为7．0），NaCl的耐受性为0～15g／L，葡萄糖、氯化铵为菌株生长较适应的碳源与氮源。薄层层析与傅立叶红外分析表明菌株X-2产生的表面活性剂为甘油糖脂类物质，烃降解实验与GC-MS分析表明菌株X-2对石油烃有良好的降解能力，其主要降解分子量小于C23的直链烷烃，对甲苯与二甲苯等小分子的芳香烃也有一定的降解能力。
Three petroleum-degrading and bio-surfactant-producing bacteria were isolated from crude oil-contaminated soil in Dagang oil field in China, one of them was chosen and its main metabolic characterization and crude oil degrading properties were analyzed, which had characteristics of highest surfactant. The taxonomic status was determined by morphological, physiological, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The bio-surfactant was detected by thin layer chromatography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effect of petroleum degradation was measured by GC-MS analysis. The results show that the strain was identified as Bacillus spp. X-2, the temperature range for growth of the bacteria was 15-45 ℃ , the optimum was 32 ℃ ; The pH range for growth was 4.5-10.0, the optimum was about 7.0; Glucose and NH4CI were the optimum carbon sources and nitrogen sources for bacteria growth, respectively; I6S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the strain BF1 was similarity to Bacillus cereus NC740 （99.7%）; Thin layer chromatography and Fourier transform infrared chromatography analysis showed that the bio-surfactant of strain X-2 was glycolipid. The exploration of the hydrocarbon degradation and GC-MS analysis of residual oil showed that the straight chain alkanes with chain length less than C23 were easily degraded by the strain, at the same time it also degraded some small molecules aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene.
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第11期139-144,共6页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology
基金
西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室开放基金(PLN1134)
四川省科技厅科技成果转化项目(11010124)
关键词
生物表面活性剂
原油生物降解
鉴定
生理特征
bio-surfactant
petroleum biodegradation
identification
physiological characteristic
作者简介
兰贵红（1976-），男，四川成都人，博士，主要从事环境生物技术的研究；E-mail：languihong@yahoo．com
通讯作者：张文（1964-），男，四川成都人，高级实验师，硕士，主要从事环境生物技术的研究；E-mail：zw0343@sina．com
